在自闭症谱的青春期前的青少年中,自我感知欺凌受害:EPINED研究
Paula Morales-Hidalgo1,2, Núria Voltas1,3, Josefa Canals1
1Research Group on Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM); Research Center for Behavioral Assessment (CRAMC); Department of Psychology, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain.
Autism : the international journal of research and practice
|April 16, 2024
概括
在西班牙,自闭症儿童和那些自闭症特征低于值的儿童在学校受到欺凌的比例明显更高. 这种受害与限制性行为和情绪困难有关,突出了针对性预防策略的必要性.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 儿童精神病学 儿童精神病学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
背景情况:
- 自闭症患者的受害风险增加,尤其是在学年期间受到欺凌.
- 以前的研究表明,自闭症儿童受到欺凌的可能性是正常发育的同龄人的2.4倍.
- 西班牙自闭症和自闭症特征的西班牙学童中的欺凌患病率在很大程度上没有被研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查西班牙自闭症和自闭症特征的青春期前青少年中欺凌受害者的自我报告的患病率.
- 为了比较自闭症,下值自闭症特征和神经典型的西班牙学生之间的欺凌率.
- 在这些群体中确定与欺凌受害相关的因素.
主要方法:
- 这是一项涉及323名11-12岁的西班牙普通教育学校参与者的横截面研究.
- 包括45名被诊断为自闭症或下值自闭症特征的参与者.
- 收集了关于欺凌受害,限制性行为和情绪/行为问题的自我报告数据.
主要成果:
- 58%的自闭症参与者 (3.1倍更高的风险) 和27%的低值特征者 (1.5倍更高的风险) 报告欺凌受害,而对照组的这一比例为18.3%.
- 受害与更强烈的限制性行为以及增加的行为和情绪问题相关.
- 没有发现与其他个人或家庭因素有重大关联.
结论:
- 在西班牙,自闭症前青少年和那些自闭症特征低于值的青少年面临着大幅增加的学校欺凌风险.
- 这些发现强调了早期识别和实施基于学校的欺凌预防计划的关键需求.
- 解决欺凌问题对于改善自闭症学生的心理健康和生活质量至关重要.
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