提高青少年HPV疫苗接种范围的政策方法:系统性审查
Mary Catharine McKeithen1, Melissa B Gilkey1,2, Wei Yi Kong1
1Gillings School of Global Public Health.
Pediatrics
|April 16, 2024
概括
政府的政策,如学校入学要求和联邦资助的计划,显示了增加青少年人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种范围的前景. 教育要求在提高HPV免疫率方面效果不佳.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 在美国,青少年人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种覆盖率仍然低于最佳水平.
- 为了解决这个问题,政府已经实施了各种各样的政策,但它们的有效性尚未得到证实.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合有关政府政策对青少年HPV疫苗接种范围影响的证据.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Embase和Scopus数据库中对2009年至2022年间发表的研究进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 数据提取的重点是研究设计,政策特征和9-18岁青少年的HPV疫苗接种结果.
- 结果按政策类型分类:学校入学要求 (SER),联邦资助的计划 (儿童疫苗,医疗补助) 和教育要求.
主要成果:
- 在36项符合条件的研究中,大多数表明HPV疫苗SER和疫苗接种范围之间存在积极联系 (8/14).
- 对其他青少年疫苗的SER观察到对HPV疫苗的积极溢出效应 (7/7).
- 联邦政府资助的政策 (儿童疫苗,医疗补助) 始终与更高的HPV疫苗接种率 (7/9) 有关,而教育要求则显示出有限的关联 (2/8).
结论:
- 学校入学要求和联邦资助的政策证明了提高青少年HPV疫苗接种率的潜力.
- 教育要求在提高HPV免疫率方面似乎不那么有效.
- 限制包括依赖非最佳疫苗接种数据和非实验性研究设计.
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