2023年 澳大利亚评估和管理心血管疾病风险指南
Mark R Nelson1, Emily Banks2, Alex Brown3
1University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS.
The Medical journal of Australia
|April 16, 2024
概括
2023年澳大利亚指南引入了更新的心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险计算器,用于初级预防. 这种新工具增强了澳大利亚人的风险评估和管理,取代了旧的弗雷明翰方程.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 预防医学 预防医学
背景情况:
- 2023年澳大利亚指南提供了针对心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险评估和初级预防的管理的更新的基于证据的建议.
- 它取代了2012年的指导方针,该指导方针使用了弗雷明汉风险方程.
研究的目的:
- 引入新的澳大利亚心血管疾病风险计算器 (Aus CVD风险计算器) 以改进心血管疾病风险预测.
- 概述澳大利亚人口中评估和管理心血管疾病风险的最新建议.
主要方法:
- 基于新西兰队列研究的澳大利亚心血管疾病风险计算器的开发,为澳大利亚定制和重新校准.
- 纳入新的变量,包括社会劣势,糖尿病特异性风险标志物,心房动和药物使用.
- 包括重新分类因素,如土著身份,eGFR,尿中白蛋白与肌素的比率,严重精神疾病,冠状动脉分数和家族病史.
主要成果:
- 该指南建议对特定年龄组和人口统计数据进行心血管疾病风险评估:所有45-79岁的成年人,35岁以上的糖尿病患者和30岁以上的第一民族人.
- 澳大利亚心血管疾病风险计算器将风险分为低 (<5%),中等 (5%至<10%) 和高 (≥10%) 在五年内.
- 再分类因素可以改进风险预测,特别是对于接近风险值的人来说.
结论:
- 更新的指导方针促进了更广泛的年龄范围评估,并使用了新的澳大利亚心血管疾病风险计算器,结合了新的风险因素和重新分类变量.
- 鼓励所有人改变生活方式,对高风险人群推药物治疗,对中等风险人群考虑药物治疗.
- 建议对低风险和中等风险的个人定期重新评估心血管疾病风险,并列出具体的间隔.
关键词:
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