住院和跨性别患者在美国
Keshav Khanijow1,2, Scott Wright1,3, Helene Hedian1,4
1Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Journal of hospital medicine
|April 16, 2024
概括
这项研究发现,跨性别和 cisgender 患者在医院死亡率和医院费用相似. 然而,跨性别人士的住院时间略长,这表明整体医院结果的差异很小.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
- 住院护理 住院护理 住院护理
背景情况:
- 跨性别者面临着记录的健康不平等,但医院结果差异仍未得到充分研究.
- 了解医院护理的差异对于解决跨性别人口的健康不平等至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较跨性别和 cisgender 患者之间的住院死亡率和资源利用率.
- 确定跨性别个体在医院治疗结果中的潜在差异.
主要方法:
- 从2018年1月到2019年12月使用国家住院患者样本 (NIS) 进行回顾性队列研究.
- 用回归分析来比较 cisgender 和跨性别患者群体之间的结果.
- 分析的关键变量包括住院死亡率,住院时间 (LOS) 和总住院费用.
主要成果:
- 跨性别患者住院的原因主要是精神病诊断 (约三分之二).
- 在调整后的平均住院时间 (LOS) 或精神病医院住院费用的总费用之间没有发现显著差异.
- 虽然整体住院死亡率和总费用没有显著差异,但跨性别人士经历了统计学上显著的较长的LOS (aMD = +0.46天,p = .04).
结论:
- 医院死亡率和资源利用率,不包括住院时间,在变性人和异性患者之间是可比的.
- 对于跨性别患者来说,逗留时间稍长一些,因此需要进一步调查促成因素.
- 调查结果表明,主要的医院结果差异是可以忽略不计的,但像LOS这样的细微差异需要注意.
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