意大利对乳牛的Mycobacterium avium亚种结核病控制计划的长期结果
Noemi Musolino1, Elisa Rampacci1, Cecilia Tolasi2
1Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
The Veterinary record
|April 16, 2024
概括
2013年实施的意大利结核病控制计划成功降低了Mycobacterium avium亚种结核病 (MAP) 血清阳性,并改善了乳制品农场的群体健康排名. 关键策略包括标准化测试,胆乳管理和阳性动物的杀.
科学领域:
- 兽医流行病学 兽医流行病学
- 传染病控制和控制传染病
- 动物健康管理 动物健康管理
背景情况:
- 结核病是由Mycobacterium avium亚种结核病 (MAP) 引起的,在乳牛中存在重大流行病学和经济挑战.
- 有效的控制策略对于防止MAP传播和减轻其对群体健康和生产力的影响至关重要.
- 意大利在2013年为乳牛的MAP控制和状态认证引入了国家指南.
研究的目的:
- 评估意大利MAP控制计划的长期有效性.
- 评估群体健康指标,包括血清学状况,临床病例和MAP脱落.
- 分析参与乳制品农场对准结核病健康排名的趋势.
主要方法:
- 对意大利北部14家奶牛场 (2014-2021) 的数据进行了回顾性分析.
- 审查每年血清学测试结果,临床病例发生率和MAP 便泄露在阳性动物中.
- 评估农场管理实践和群体健康排名作为计划成功指标.
主要成果:
- 与2014-2016年相比,从2017-2021年观察到血清阳性动物的数量显著减少.
- 在14个农场中,有9个农场在附属结核病健康排名中呈现改善趋势.
- 在研究期间没有报告任何临床结核病病例;在9.4%的阳性动物中检测到MAP脱落.
结论:
- 意大利的结核控制计划有效地通过标准化检测,胆乳管理和杀来限制MAP的传播.
- 促进经过认证的负面或低风险农场之间的贸易有助于控制MAP感染.
- 尽管农民不愿意采取一些卫生措施,但该计划在减少MAP流行率和改善群体健康方面取得了成功.
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