通过使用可访问性指标,对公共交通对德国通勤者的潜力进行数据驱动的分析
Tudor Mocanu1, Jigeeshu Joshi1, Christian Winkler1
1Institute of Transport Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Rudower Chaussee 7, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
概括
将德国的通勤者从汽车转移到公共交通是具有挑战性的. 公共交通运输速度明显较慢,这表明模式转换的可能性非常低,阻碍了减排目标.
科学领域:
- 运输科学 运输科学
- 环境政策 环境政策
- 城市规划是城市规划.
背景情况:
- 雄心勃勃的温室气体减排目标需要在运输中大大改变运输方式.
- 实现这种模式转变需要强有力的政策干预措施的结合.
- 鼓励乘客从私家车转向公共交通带来了相当大的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 调查德国通勤者之间从私家车使用转向公共交通的可能性.
- 识别与这种模式转换相关的障碍和挑战.
- 为旨在实现运输可持续性的政策决策提供信息.
主要方法:
- 采用了利用开放数据源的数据驱动方法.
- 为所有德国员工构建了一个起点-目的地通勤矩阵.
- 通过汽车和公共交通工具计算和比较可访问性,使用旅行时间数据.
主要成果:
- 在全国范围内,与私家车相比,公共交通提供了远远低于工作场所的可访问性.
- 公共交通运输的平均旅行时间几乎是汽车旅行时间的三倍.
- 在不同类型的区域中,可访问性差异是一致的.
结论:
- 在德国,从汽车转向公共交通的可能性似乎非常有限.
- 目前的公共交通基础设施和服务水平对实现模式转换目标构成重大障碍.
- 政策干预必须解决公共交通的基本可访问性和时间缺点.
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