为什么我们需要基于代理的宏观经济学?
Silvano Cincotti1, Marco Raberto1, Andrea Teglio2
1DIME, University of Genova, Via Opera Pia 15, Genova, 16145 Italy.
Review of evolutionary political economy
|April 16, 2024
概括
基于代理的经济学方法对于理解气候变化和流行病等复杂的全球挑战至关重要. 这种方法结合了微观和宏观层面,克服了新古典经济学的局限性,以实现更好的经济建模.
科学领域:
- 经济学 经济学 经济学
- 复杂的系统复杂的系统.
- 计算社会科学 计算社会科学
背景情况:
- 21世纪带来了复杂的全球挑战,包括气候变化,数字化转型,移民,人口变化和流行病.
- 新古典经济学,其缩小主义范式,在解决这些多方面的问题时面临着局限性.
- 传统的经济模型难以捕捉现代经济中固有的相互联系和新出现的行为.
研究的目的:
- 倡导以代理为基础的经济学方法,作为应对当代全球挑战的优越方法.
- 突出新古典主义方法在处理复杂的经济现象方面的局限性.
- 在经济建模中引入复杂系统和混乱理论的实用性.
主要方法:
- 经济方法论的概念分析,对比基于代理的建模与新古典经济学.
- 科学范式的历史和认识论审查,专注于缩小主义与复杂性.
- 探索基于代理的建模的能力,以整合微层相互作用和宏观层面的结果.
主要成果:
- 基于代理的方法有效地整合了微观和宏观维度,通过建模异构的代理相互作用和聚合结果.
- 减少主义虽然在历史上很强大,但对于当前复杂的经济挑战来说效果不那么好.
- 复杂系统和混乱理论为现代经济学科提供了更适合的分析工具.
结论:
- 基于代理的建模为理解和应对21世纪复杂的经济挑战提供了强大的框架.
- 经济科学要保持相关性和有效性,就需要转向复杂性和基于代理的方法的范式转变.
- 专题号展示了基于代理的模型对当代全球问题的实际应用.
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