有弹性的企业家? - 重新审视五大经济体与自营企业之间的关系
1Institute for Small Business Economics at the Georg-August-University Göttingen, Heinrich-Düker-Weg 6, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
概括
这项研究探讨了人格原型和创业精神. 具有弹性的人格类型显著增加了开始自雇的可能性,提供了超越传统基于特征的方法的新见解.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 创业研究 创业研究
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 传统的创业研究经常使用基于特征的方法来研究五大个性特征.
- 一个以人为中心的观点表明,特征的组合形成独特的个性原型.
- 了解这些原型可能会为企业家行为提供更细致的观点.
研究的目的:
- 分析人格原型的作用,特别是五大特征的组合,与创业行为有关.
- 调查人格原型是否可以解释自雇决策,超出现有的基于特征或分析方法.
- 在大型数据集中识别不同的个性原型及其与创业精神的关联.
主要方法:
- 使用来自德国社会经济小组 (SOEP) 的数据.
- 采用以人为中心的方法,根据五大特征识别人格原型.
- 应用回归分析来检查所识别的原型对自雇可能性和过渡的影响.
主要成果:
- 识别了至少三个不同的个性原型.
- 发现"弹性型"原型显著增加了进入和过渡到自雇工作的可能性.
- 这种原型设计方法比分析方法更有效地解释了企业家的决策.
结论:
- 人格原型,特别是弹性类型,是创业行动的重要预测因素.
- 这些发现表明,以人为中心,以原型为基础的方法在理解创业方面,比基于特征的方法提供了附加值.
- 讨论了对企业家精神和人格心理学的政策和未来研究的影响.
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