在COVID-19危机期间的生产力和坚定的退出:跨国证据
Silvia Muzi1, Filip Jolevski1, Kohei Ueda1
1World Bank Group, Washington, DC USA.
Small business economics
|April 16, 2024
概括
由于COVID-19的经济危机导致了生产效率较低的企业关闭,这一过程被称为舒彼得的清洗. 数字化存在,创新和有利的商业环境缓解了企业的退出,特别是对于小企业来说.
科学领域:
- 经济学 经济学 经济学
- 商业研究 商业研究
- 经济政策 经济政策
背景情况:
- COVID-19 疫情引发了严重的全球经济危机.
- 舒佩特的创造性破坏理论认为,经济危机可以消除生产力较低的公司.
- 这场危机对企业生产力和生存的影响仍在调查中.
研究的目的:
- 确定COVID-19经济危机是否促进了对生产力较低的公司的舒姆彼得式"清洗".
- 分析疫情期间影响公司退出的因素.
- 评估政府政策在这种经济净化过程中的作用.
主要方法:
- 利用来自34个经济体的企业级数据,涵盖危机最多18个月的时间.
- 采用统计分析来检查企业生产率与退出概率之间的关系.
- 调查了数字存在,创新,商业环境,公司年龄和破产暂停对公司退出的影响.
主要成果:
- 低生产力企业在危机期间更有可能永久关闭.
- 企业退出与数字存在和创新有负相关性,特别是对于小型企业.
- 繁重的商业环境和公司年龄是公司退出的重要预测因素,特别是对于小企业.
- 破产程序的暂停扰乱了受影响国家的清理过程.
结论:
- 由于COVID-19的经济危机引发了舒姆彼得式的净化效应,减少了生产力较低的公司.
- 数字化,创新和有利的商业环境对于企业的弹性至关重要,特别是对于中小企业.
- 政策干预,如破产暂停,可能会阻碍必要的经济重组.
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