高中跟踪和高等教育的主要选择:切换或不切换
Sovansophal Kao1, Phal Chea2, Sopheak Song2
1Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Educational research for policy and practice
|April 16, 2024
概括
柬埔寨的大多数高中生在高等教育中转换专业,特别是科学专业的女性,她们往往选择非STEM领域. 学业成绩,社会经济地位和高等教育机构因素影响了这一重大转换.
科学领域:
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 教育社会学教育的社会学
- 高等教育研究 高等教育研究
背景情况:
- 学生的专业转换是高等教育过渡的一个重要问题.
- 了解影响这些决定的因素对于学生的留学和成功至关重要.
- 柬埔寨在高等教育方面面临着独特的挑战,对学生的主要选择的研究有限.
研究的目的:
- 调查在从高中到高等教育过渡期间,从学术专业转换的学生与不转换的学生的特征.
- 确定影响柬埔寨学生转学重大决定的关键因素.
- 为高等教育机构 (HEIs) 提供建议,以减少不必要的重大转换.
主要方法:
- 一项定量研究,涉及2020年柬埔寨21所高等教育机构中随机选择的1338名学生.
- 采用探头分析来检查主要切换的决定因素.
- 收集的数据包括学生人口统计,学业成绩,社会经济地位和技术准备程度.
主要成果:
- 大多数高中生在进入高等教育时会改变专业,女性科学专业的学生经常选择非STEM领域.
- 关键影响因素包括学业成绩,对科学/数学的兴趣,社会经济地位和高等教育机构的特点.
- 学生对数学/物理更感兴趣,技术准备更好,奖学金更高的学生不太可能从科学转向非STEM专业.
结论:
- 干预措施应侧重于交互式教学方法,以提高学生对STEM学科的兴趣和参与度.
- 奖学金计划可以作为一个有价值的工具,以减轻主要的切换问题.
- 高等教育机构应考虑机构因素和学生支持系统,以改善留学生数量.
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