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相关概念视频

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

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The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
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Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

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The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
902
RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

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Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
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Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

7.7K
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
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Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Assessment of Selective mRNA Translation in Mammalian Cells by Polysome Profiling
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Assessment of Selective mRNA Translation in Mammalian Cells by Polysome Profiling

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UPF1通过感知翻译不良的编码序列来调节mRNA的稳定性.

Damir Musaev1, Mario Abdelmessih2, Charles E Vejnar1

  • 1Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.

Cell reports
|April 16, 2024
PubMed
概括

mRNA稳定性由翻译启动,上游开放读取 (uORFs) 和开放读取 (ORF) 长度来调节. 蛋白质Upf1调查了转化不良的ORF,统一了mRNA衰变路径,如ORF介导衰变 (OMD).

关键词:
科普:分子生物学 分子生物学在GC的丰富度.这是一个NMD.在ORF长度的ORF长度.在 UPF1 的情况下.在mRNA衰变过程中.在 mRNA 恒温中.在mRNA的翻译过程中,mRNA的翻译在OORF的基础上.在 uORF 的情况下.

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Polysome Fractionation and Analysis of Mammalian Translatomes on a Genome-wide Scale
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Polysome Fractionation and Analysis of Mammalian Translatomes on a Genome-wide Scale

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Analysis of Translation Initiation During Stress Conditions by Polysome Profiling
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Analysis of Translation Initiation During Stress Conditions by Polysome Profiling

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Assessment of Selective mRNA Translation in Mammalian Cells by Polysome Profiling
10:00

Assessment of Selective mRNA Translation in Mammalian Cells by Polysome Profiling

Published on: October 28, 2014

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Polysome Fractionation and Analysis of Mammalian Translatomes on a Genome-wide Scale
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Polysome Fractionation and Analysis of Mammalian Translatomes on a Genome-wide Scale

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Analysis of Translation Initiation During Stress Conditions by Polysome Profiling
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Analysis of Translation Initiation During Stress Conditions by Polysome Profiling

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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 基因表达规范 基因表达规范
  • 在RNA生物学,RNA生物学.

背景情况:

  • 转录后的mRNA调节对于基因表达至关重要.
  • 在调节mRNA稳定性方面,cis元素和mRNA翻译之间的相互作用仍然不太清楚.

研究的目的:

  • 研究各种mRNA特征和翻译效率如何共同影响mRNA稳定性的研究.
  • 阐明Upf1蛋白在mRNA监测和衰变途径中的作用.

主要方法:

  • 机器学习分析以确定调节mRNA衰变的关键特征.
  • 调查Upf1与翻译不良和未翻译的开放阅读框架 (ORF) 的结合.

主要成果:

  • mRNA稳定性由翻译启动强度,uORF含量,密码子最佳性,AU丰富元素,microRNA结合点和ORF长度组合调节.
  • 确定ORF长度是mRNA衰变中最关键的保存特征.
  • Upf1与转化不良和转化不良的ORF结合,包括那些具有uORF和暴露ORF的ORF.
  • Upf1监测具有暴露ORF,长ORF,ORF类似的3' UTR和uORF的mRNA.

结论:

  • Upf1在监测转化不良的ORF中起着统一作用,有助于mRNA稳定性和稳定性.
  • 提出了一种新的EJC独立的无意中介衰变 (NMD) 途径,称为ORF中介衰变 (OMD),由Upf1对差异化/未翻译的ORFs的调节驱动.