流动对方言变化的影响:引入语言流动指数
Péter Jeszenszky1,2, Carina Steiner1,2,3, Adrian Leemann1,2
1Center for the Study of Language and Society (CSLS), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
PloS one
|April 16, 2024
概括
方言学家现在可以使用新的语言移动性指数 (LMI) 来量化语言变异的暴露. 对不同方言的更高接触加快了方言的变化,而不是性别或教育等因素.
科学领域:
- 社会语言学 社会语言学
- 方言学是一种方言学.
- 语言地理学地理学
背景情况:
- 增加的地理流动性使语言联系多样化,可能加速方言变化.
- 传统的方言学研究需要方法来解释参与者对语言变化的暴露.
- 现有的社会人口统计学变量不足以捕捉出流动对方言演变的影响.
研究的目的:
- 提出和评估语言移动性指数 (LMI),作为长期接触方言变化的定量衡量标准.
- 通过分析其与语言变异的相关性来评估LMI在预测方言变化的实用性.
- 为方言学研究提供对调查参与者"本地性"的标准化参考.
主要方法:
- 开发了基于参与者的语言传记的语言移动性指数 (LMI),包括父母和伴侣的方言,居住和工作地点以及教育.
- 通过计算语言距离来量化语言影响,按暴露强度和关系重要性加权.
- 经过验证的LMI原型使用混合效果建模在瑞士德语方言跨越时间和空间 (SDATS) 语料库 (500名发言者,125个地区) 上.
主要成果:
- LMI有效地预测了方言的变化,表明更高的语言变异暴露加快了这一过程.
- 用LMI测量的方言变化暴露的影响比性别和教育等社会人口统计因素更为重要.
- 四个LMI原型显示出一致的实用性,证实了该模型在不同理论考虑和数据可用性场景中的稳定性.
结论:
- 语言移动性指数 (LMI) 为方言学家提供了一种有价值的工具,以量化语言变异的暴露及其对方言变化的影响.
- 与传统措施相比,LMI提供了更细致的"本地性"理解,考虑到复杂的流动模式.
- 这种方法可以适应在瑞士德语以外的各种语言背景下进行方言学研究.
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