儿童时期的逆境与ABCD研究中青春期前青少年中抑制性控制区域的BOLD反应减少有关
Elizabeth A Stinson1, Ryan M Sullivan1, Gabriella Y Navarro1
1Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, United States.
Developmental cognitive neuroscience
|April 16, 2024
概括
儿童不良经历 (ACE) 与青少年在抑制控制任务期间大脑活动的改变有关. 与ACE相关的减少大脑对抑制的反应,可能不是行为适应性的.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 儿童精神病学 儿童精神病学
背景情况:
- 青春期是大脑发育的关键时期,存在风险和适应能力的机会.
- 儿童不良经历 (ACE) 增加神经发育风险,影响参与抑制控制的大脑区域.
- 家庭环境社会环境因素可以改变ACEs的神经发育影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究ACE和功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 在青少年的抑制控制期间血液氧水平依赖 (BOLD) 信号之间的关系.
- 为了确定家庭冲突是否能缓和抑制性控制区域中ACE和大脑活动之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 从青少年大脑认知发展 (ABCD) 研究的基线到第二年随访数据.
- 在停止信号任务期间检查了fMRI BOLD信号,这是成功抑制的衡量标准.
- 在关键抑制控制区域分析了ACE,家庭冲突和大脑活动之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 较高的ACE与右部下额回形和双边前补充运动区域的BOLD反应减少有关.
- 在这些区域增加的BOLD反应与较低的行为冲动性相关.
- 没有观察到家庭冲突或时间的显著缓解效应.
结论:
- ACEs与对抑制控制至关重要的大脑区域的神经发育轨迹的改变有关.
- 与ACE相关的抑制期间神经激活的减少可能会在青春期产生负面的行为影响.
- 旨在预防和减轻ACE的干预措施对于支持健康的青少年神经发育至关重要.
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