对杂交乳牛耐热性表型指标的遗传分析
R D Oloo1, C C Ekine-Dzivenu2, R Mrode3
1Animal Breeding and Husbandry in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 17, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany; Livestock Genetics, International Livestock Research Institute, Box 30709-00100 Nairobi, Kenya.
Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience
|April 16, 2024
概括
通过选择耐热性来改善乳牛的繁殖,这对于在全球气温上升的情况下维持牛奶生产至关重要. 这项研究确定了基因选择的关键指标,以提高乳牛面临热应激的弹性.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 适应气候变化 适应气候变化
背景情况:
- 由于气候变化导致的全球气温上升增加了乳牛的热应激,对牛奶生产率产生了负面影响.
- 选择性育种对于开发耐热乳品种至关重要,以确保未来的牛奶供应,但缺乏有效的表型指标.
- 了解耐热机制对于在气候变化中可持续的奶牛养殖至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查乳牛牛奶生产对热负荷的反应作为耐热度的测量.
- 评估分娩季对肯尼亚多品种奶牛耐热度的影响.
- 评估遗传参数和热耐受性指标与选择性育种的牛奶产量之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 分析使用随机回归模型与反应规范函数的第一对牛的7天平均牛奶产量记录.
- 从天气数据计算温度湿度指数 (THI),以量化热负荷.
- 估计牛奶产量反应规范斜率及其绝对值的遗传参数,以及它们与平均牛奶产量的相关性.
主要成果:
- 干季和湿季小牛之间对热量负荷的牛奶产量反应没有显著差异.
- 低Bos taurus遗传含量 (≤50%) 的奶牛和那些在半干旱环境中的奶牛显示出更高的耐热性.
- 对耐热指标的遗传概率估计在0.06到0.33之间;高产牛更容易受到热应激的影响.
结论:
- 反应规范的斜率和绝对值有效地测量了杂交乳牛对不同热负荷的弹性.
- 改善耐热指标的遗传选择可以提高乳牛在热应激条件下的表现.
- 研究结果为通过基因选择改善牲畜耐热性,以实现可持续的乳制品生产提供了宝贵的见解.
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