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在演讲者内部和演讲者之间转移认知控制调整
Paul Kelber1, Ian Grant Mackenzie1, Victor Mittelstädt1
1University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)
|April 16, 2024
概括
在听觉任务中的一致序列效应 (CSE) 不会受到说话者的性别变化的影响,当认知控制在没有刺激-反应重复的情况下进行调整时. 然而,当刺激-响应设置重复时,说话者的性别重复会增强CSE,这表明上下文会影响记忆痕迹.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 听觉感知是一种听觉感知.
- 人与计算机的互动.
背景情况:
- 同性序列效应 (CSE) 揭示了试验之间的认知控制调整.
- 控制-检索帐户表明控制是上下文绑定的,并在特征重复时检索.
- 之前的研究集中在刺激-反应 (S-R) 集,留下抽象的上下文特征未被充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查抽象的上下文特征,特别是说话者的性别,是否会影响混最小化一致序列效应 (CSE).
- 测试控制-检索帐户对听觉冲突任务中的上下文特征重复的预测.
- 检查抽象上下文特征在听觉冲突处理过程中维护记忆痕迹中的作用.
主要方法:
- 进行了两项预先注册的听觉主要探头实验.
- 参与者分类由女性或男性声音说的颜色词.
- 分析了混最小化和SR重复条件以评估CSE变异.
主要成果:
- 混最小化的CSE没有受到演讲者性别重复或变化的显著影响.
- 当S-R集合重复时,CSE与演讲者性别重复相比变化更大.
- 这些发现甚至在考虑学习和测试情节被中间情节分开时也是如此.
结论:
- 扬声器性别转换对控制调整转移的影响最小,在没有S-R重复的情况下.
- 当允许自下而上的记忆过程 (S-R重复) 时,说话者的性别可以影响转移.
- 控制-检索帐户需要改进,以在听觉冲突处理记忆痕迹中纳入抽象的上下文特征.
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