作为神经功能障碍的关键途径,转录 (Tat) 诱导的神经炎症的交互激活剂:一个范围审查
Tshengedzeni Muvenda1, Aurelia A Williams1, Monray Edward Williams2
1Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
Molecular neurobiology
|April 16, 2024
概括
艾滋病毒-1 Tat蛋白显著增加神经炎症标志物,如CCL2,IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α,有助于神经炎症和神经元损伤的人与艾滋病毒 (PLHIV). 对这些标记物的进一步研究对于理解与艾滋病毒相关的神经认知障碍 (HAND) 至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 人类免疫缺陷病毒1型 (HIV-1) 感染会影响中枢神经系统 (CNS),导致与HIV相关的神经认知障碍 (HAND).
- 转录 (Tat) 蛋白的HIV-1交换激活剂与神经炎症和神经元损伤有关,即使在有效的抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 中也会持续存在.
- 现有的研究缺乏关于经常研究的炎症标志物及其在TAT诱导的神经炎症中的水平的共识.
研究的目的:
- 进行范围审查,以确定和总结有关TAT诱导的神经炎症的发现.
- 确定一致的炎症标志物和涉及TAT诱导的神经炎症的途径.
- 为研究TAT诱导的神经炎症提供最佳研究设计的见解.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Scopus和Web of Science进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 根据系统性审查的首选报告项目和范围审查的元分析 (PRISMA-ScR) 准则选择和分析了研究.
- 调查Tat诱导的神经炎症的22项研究被纳入了审查.
主要成果:
- 艾滋病毒-1 Tat 蛋白增强神经炎症标志物,在暴露于 Tat 的细胞中一致发现 CCL2,IL-6,IL-8 和 TNF-α 的升高.
- 关键的炎症途径,包括ERK1/2 MAPK,PI3K,p38 MAPK和NF-kB,由Tat.
- 塔特诱导神经元亡,最佳的研究设计涉及全长的Tat101 (100-1000 ng/ml) 24-48小时.
结论:
- 艾滋病毒-1 Tat蛋白质通过增加特定的炎症标志物和激活关键通路,在放大神经炎症方面发挥着重要作用.
- 了解这些TAT诱导的炎症标志物和通路对于理解HAND的病变发生至关重要.
- 需要进一步的研究,以阐明这些标记物和途径在HAND发育中的确切作用.
相关概念视频
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway
7.4K
The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...
7.4K
TGF - β Signaling Pathway
7.3K
The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors...
7.3K
Eukaryotic Transcription Activators
11.0K
Transcription activators are proteins that promote the transcription of genes from DNA to RNA. In most cases, these proteins contain two separate domains ‒ a domain that binds to DNA and a domain for activating transcription; however, in some cases, a single domain is responsible for both binding and activation of transcription, as seen in the glucocorticoid receptor and MyoD.
The binding domains are capable of recognizing and interacting with regulatory sequences on the DNA. These...
The binding domains are capable of recognizing and interacting with regulatory sequences on the DNA. These...
11.0K
MAPK Signaling Cascades
5.5K
Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...
5.5K
Co-activators and Co-repressors
7.3K
Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
7.3K
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway
3.5K
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast, mTORC2 consists of a...
3.5K


