新兴变种完全脱离了由BA.4/5感染诱导的强大的单克隆抗体
Chang Liu1,2, Raksha Das2, Aiste Dijokaite-Guraliuc2
1Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Nature communications
|April 16, 2024
概括
从突破性感染中发现了针对SARS-CoV-2变种的新单克隆抗体. 这些抗体对较新的Omicron亚变体的有效性降低,突出显示病毒.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 由于SARS-CoV-2迅速演变,因此需要制定克服免疫逃避的策略.
- 疫苗诱导和感染诱导的免疫是病毒进化的关键因素.
- 奥米克朗亚系BA.4和BA.5已经出现,对现有的抗体反应构成挑战.
研究的目的:
- 从具有突破性感染的个体中分离和鉴定有力的单克隆抗体 (mAbs).
- 评估这些mAbs的中和活性与SARS-CoV-2变体的广泛小组对比.
- 了解特定的尖端蛋白突变对抗体疗效的影响.
主要方法:
- 从BA.4/BA.5突破性感染的疫苗接种者中分离了尖端 (S) 结合单克隆抗体 (mAbs).
- 28种强效抗体的功能和结构特征.
- 对大量SARS-CoV-2变种进行中和测试.
主要成果:
- 隔离了28种强效的SARS-CoV-2尖端结合的mAbs.
- 随着新兴变种的出现,观察到逐渐失去中和,包括XBB.1.5.70.0.
- 在位置455和456的特定突变 ("FLip") 导致mAb功能完全丧失.
- 一些mAbs恢复了对BA.2.86变种的活性.
结论:
- 来自BA.4/BA.5突破性感染的单克隆抗体对快速演变的SARS-CoV-2变体的有效性降低.
- 像"FLip"这样的突变的出现显著影响抗体中和.
- 持续的病毒进化需要持续开发抗体,以对抗当前和未来的SARS-CoV-2菌株.
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