COVID 19 疫苗突破 卫生保健工作者中的感染
D Tamrakar1, N Katuwal2, P Adhikari2
1Department of Community Medicine, Research and Development Division, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.
Kathmandu University medical journal (KUMJ)
|April 17, 2024
概括
接种COVID-19疫苗显著减少了医疗保健工作者 (HCW) 严重疾病和住院病例. 然而,突破性感染在与患者直接接触和抗体水平较低的HCW中更为常见.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 大规模疫苗接种是全球减轻COVID-19影响的关键策略.
- 了解医疗保健工作者 (HCWs) 的突破性感染对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估SARS-CoV-2感染和突破性感染率在完全接种疫苗的HCWs.
- 调查中和抗体反应和突破性感染之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 从2021年12月到2022年10月,Dhulikhel医院的1079名HCW参与的回顾性队列研究.
- 半结构面试 (面对面/电话) 和137名HCW的潜在血清学队列.
- 分析感染率,严重程度,住院需求和与疫苗接种状态和患者接触有关的抗体水平.
主要成果:
- 超过一半 (54.7%) 的参与者之前曾感染过SARS-CoV-2.
- 35%的人在接种完整疫苗后经历了突破性感染.
- 接种疫苗后的感染导致较少的严重疾病和较少的住院治疗,而不是疫苗接种前的感染.
- 具有直接患者护理角色的医疗保健工作者具有更高的突破性感染风险.
- 与中度/高水平 (11.9%) 相比,较低的抗体水平与突破性感染的更高发病率 (35.3%) 相关联.
结论:
- 接种COVID-19疫苗有效地减少了疾病的严重程度和住院需求.
- 突破性感染在直接患者护理角色中的HCW中更为普遍.
- 保持足够的抗体水平与突破性感染的风险较低有关.
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