干旱沿海地区地下水污染:卡塔尔作为一个案例研究
Basem Shomar1, Rajendran Sankaran1
1Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Ground water
|April 17, 2024
概括
卡塔尔的地下水不能饮用,因为盐度高,化物,硫酸盐,化物和某些离子含量高,超过世界卫生组织的指导方针. 含量也超过了荷兰指南,这表明该地区的水质问题很大.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 水文地质学 水文地质学
- 地质化学 地质化学
背景情况:
- 阿拉伯地区面临着严重的水资源短缺,干旱条件和全球变暖加剧了这种情况.
- 在卡塔尔这样的干旱环境中,地下水质量是一个关键问题.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查卡塔尔205个井的地下水质量.
- 描述地下水中的物理参数,主要离子和微量金属.
主要方法:
- 物理参数分析:pH,电导率 (EC),总溶解固体 (TDS),盐度,无机碳 (IC) 和有机碳 (OC).
- 确定主要离子 (Cl,F,Br,NO3,PO4,SO4) 和离子 (Ca,K,Mg,Na) 的数量.
- 测量微金属和金属化物 (V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Se,Mo,Cd,Ba,Pb,U) 的含量.测量微金属和金属化物 (V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Se,Mo,Cd,Ba,Pb,U) 的含量.测量微金属和金属化物 (V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Se,Mo,Cd,Ba,Pb,U) 的含量.
主要成果:
- 所有205个井的地下水由于盐度高 (平均TDS为4598毫克/升),不能饮用.
- 化物 (1472 mg/L),硫酸盐 (1064 mg/L) 和化物 (1.9 mg/L) 的平均度超过了世卫组织饮用水准则.
- 在11个水井中发现酸盐含量升高,所有主要的酸盐都超过了世卫组织的指导方针. 含量是荷兰指导方针的五倍.
结论:
- 卡塔尔的地下水不适合饮用,因为盐度和离子度很高.
- 地下水的组成受到sabkha环境 (Ca-Mg硫酸盐) 和沿海蒸发区 (NaCl) 的影响,海水的入发挥着作用.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Quality of Water
93
In concrete preparation, the quality of water is paramount as it affects the strength and durability of the concrete. Potable water is usually preferred; however, it must not have excessive sodium or potassium to prevent compromising the concrete's integrity. Water quality is typically evaluated based on impurities such as dissolved solids, chlorides, and sulfates, and its pH value is ideally between 6 and 8. Even slightly acidic natural water may be acceptable unless it contains harmful...
93
Responses to Salt Stress
13.1K
Salt stress—which can be triggered by high salt concentrations in a plant’s environment—can significantly affect plant growth and crop production by influencing photosynthesis and the absorption of water and nutrients.
13.1K
Effect of Sea Water on Concrete
220
Concrete exposed to seawater can undergo degradation like the dissolution of ettringite and gypsum, increasing the material's porosity and decreasing its strength. In contrast, the crystallization of salts within the concrete's pores can cause expansion, particularly above the waterline where evaporation occurs. Nonetheless, this expansion only happens when seawater, enabled by the concrete's permeability, manages to infiltrate the structure.
Concrete in areas between tide marks,...
Concrete in areas between tide marks,...
220
Bioremediation
18.3K
Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.
18.3K
Testing Water Quality
107
When the quality of water for concrete preparation is uncertain, its impact on the setting time of cement and compressive strength of mortar is assessed by comparison with de-ionized or distilled water benchmarks. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C1602 requires the setting times to be within 90 minutes of the control, British Standard (BS) 3146:1980 allows a 30-minute variance in the initial setting, while British Standards European Norm (BS EN) 1008 specifies initial setting...
107
Deleterious Substances in Aggregate
166
Deleterious substances in aggregates can be detrimental to the quality and durability of concrete. These substances include organic impurities like loam, which interfere with cement hydration and are usually present in the sand. These prevent a good bond between aggregate and cement paste. Organic impurities can be detected using the colorimetric test, where the darkness of a solution after agitation indicates the level of organic content.
Another type of impurity is clay and fine material that...
Another type of impurity is clay and fine material that...
166


