没有阿哈! 经验可能取决于问题的难度
Gaye Özen-Akın1, Sevtap Cinan2
1Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Kırklareli University, 39100, Kayalı, Kırklareli, Türkiye. gozenakin@klu.edu.tr.
Psychological research
|April 17, 2024
概括
问题难度影响洞察力问题解决方式不同,取决于背景. 更难的问题更有可能通过在问题集中的洞察力来解决,但更容易的问题更有可能在不同的问题之间产生洞察力.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 解决问题的研究研究.
- 洞察力 学习 学习 洞察力 学习
背景情况:
- 之前关于问题的难度和洞察力解决问题的研究产生了相互矛盾的结果.
- 代表性变化理论 (RCT) 认为困难源于约束和块化.
研究的目的:
- 调查问题难度对洞察力问题的影响 解决问题的类型.
- 检查问题间 (比较不同的问题) 和问题内部 (比较同一问题的变化) 难度上下文.
主要方法:
- 165名参与者解决了原始或暗示版本的8硬币和9点问题,并使用RCT原则设计了暗示.
- 参与者自我报告了一个"阿哈!" 经验可以将解决方案分类为洞察力或非洞察力.
- 在不同的难度级别和问题类型中,比较了解决方案类型的比率.
主要成果:
- 56.1%的正确解决的洞察力问题被报告为"阿哈!" 经验表明正确的解决方案并不总是等同于洞察力.
- 问题之间的比较:更容易的8硬币问题比更难的9点问题显示出更高的洞察率.
- 问题内部比较:更难 (暗示) 的问题版本更有可能用洞察力解决.
结论:
- 问题难度对洞察力的影响取决于上下文,需要在未来的研究中考虑.
- 较高的"突然性"分数预测了洞察力解决方案,即使考虑到问题的难度.
- 区分正确的解决方案和真正的洞察经验至关重要.
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