生成型大语言模型对比同行用户的答案质量,用于解释实验室测试结果的客户:评估研究
Zhe He1, Balu Bhasuran1, Qiao Jin2
1School of Information, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States.
Journal of medical Internet research
|April 17, 2024
概括
大型语言模型 (LLM) 可以回答患者关于实验室结果的问题. 与其他LLM和人类答案相比,GPT-4提供了最准确,有用,相关和安全的响应.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 医疗信息的自然语言处理.
- 患者教育 技术 技术
背景情况:
- 患者很难理解通过患者门户获得的实验室测试结果.
- 在线论坛和问答网站为健康问题提供不可靠的同行建议.
- 大型语言模型 (LLM) 为面向患者的健康信息提供了潜在的解决方案.
研究的目的:
- 评估使用LLM来生成对实验室测试问题的患者友好的答案的可行性.
- 评估LLM生成答案的相关性,准确性,有用性和安全性.
- 确定问题并探索增强策略,以提高LLM响应质量.
主要方法:
- 从雅虎收集了53个与实验室测试相关的问答对! 答案 答案 答案 答案 答案 答案
- 使用五个LLM (GPT-4,GPT-3.5,LLaMA 2,MedAlpaca,ORCA_mini) 通过LangChain和ChatGPT生成的响应.
- 使用标准指标和基于LLM的评估器评估了响应相似性;医学专家手动审查了响应的相关性,正确性,有用性和安全性.
主要成果:
- GPT-4的答案与参考答案的相似性最高,优于其他LLM和人类答案.
- 医学专家的评估证实了GPT-4在所有评估的方面都表现出卓越的表现:相关性,正确性,有用性和安全性.
- 法律学的回复有时缺乏上下文解释,含有不准确性,并省略了参考文献.
结论:
- GPT-4在对患者关于实验室结果的查询产生准确,有用,相关和安全的响应方面表现出卓越的表现.
- 尽管有优势,GPT-4反应可能不准确或缺乏个性化,突出需要进一步改进.
- 诸如即时工程,增强,检索增强生成和响应评估等策略可以提高LLM响应质量.
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