笑声和有效的总统领导:罗纳德·里根作为"伟大的沟通者"的案例研究
Patrick A Stewart1, Reagan G Dye2, Carl Senior3
1Department of Political Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States of America.
PloS one
|April 17, 2024
概括
观众的笑声显著影响了人们对罗纳德·里根 (Ronald Reagan) 热情和领导力有效性的看法. 然而,取消笑声并没有影响对他整体魅力或能力的判断,尽管增加了愤怒.
科学领域:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 政治沟通的政治沟通
- 媒体研究 媒体研究
背景情况:
- 罗纳德·里根被称为"伟大的沟通者",因为他精通媒体和与公众的联系.
- 观众的笑声是媒体演讲的关键组成部分,可以影响领导人的看法.
- 1984年美国总统大选的特色是CBS对里根的批判性新闻报道,为研究媒体效应提供了背景.
研究的目的:
- 检查观众笑声对罗纳德·里根魅力领袖的看法的影响.
- 为了研究消除笑声如何影响观众对里根的热情,能力和特征魅力的判断.
- 分析观众对关于里根的批判性新闻报道的情感反应的变化,有或没有观众的笑声.
主要方法:
- 进行了两项实验,以评估观众笑声对雷根的看法的影响.
- 实验1研究了笑声对热情和能力感知的影响.
- 实验2复制了老年队列的发现,检查了观看新闻故事之前和之后的特征魅力和情感反应.
主要成果:
- 删除观众的笑声显著减少了对里根作为领导人的热情和有效性的看法,但不是他的能力.
- 在第二项研究中,观众的笑声并没有影响对里根特征魅力的判断.
- 观看关键新闻故事减少了积极的情绪,增加了消极的情绪,当笑声缺席时,愤怒显著增加.
结论:
- 媒体介绍的微妙变化,例如观众笑声的存在或缺失,可以显著改变观众对政治领导人的看法.
- 总统魅力的社会心理影响,就像里根所表现出来的那样,在几十年后也继续影响观察者.
- 笑声在塑造对领导的看法方面发挥着微妙的作用,特别影响人们对政治媒体的感知温暖和情感反应.
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