通过USP18进行I型干扰素调节是癌症癌症的关键漏洞
Veronica Jové1, Heather Wheeler2, Chiachin Wilson Lee2
1Centers for Therapeutic Innovation, Pfizer, New York City, NY 10016, USA.
iScience
|April 18, 2024
概括
USP18蛋白的支架功能是癌细胞对I型干扰素反应的关键. 人类USP18具有最小的催化活性,与老鼠USP18不同,澄清了其药物开发机制.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- I型干扰素信号精确调节免疫反应,感染控制和癌症进展,同时防止自身免疫.
- USP18通过ISG15裂变 (催化功能) 和受体抑制 (支架作用) 对I型干扰素信号进行负调节.
- 关于USP18的催化功能与活体支架功能的相对重要性存在相互矛盾的数据.
研究的目的:
- 通过比较其催化和支架功能,系统地定义USP18的生理作用.
- 研究USP18突变对免疫调节和癌细胞脆弱性的影响.
- 为了阐明人类的作用机制USP18.
主要方法:
- 开发新的生物化学和细胞分析方法.
- 患者衍生USP18突变 (I60N) 损害支架功能与催化突变 (C64S) 的比较.
- 在人类和小鼠系统中分析USP18活动.
主要成果:
- USP18脚手架功能对于癌细胞对I型干扰素的敏感性至关重要.
- 人类USP18与小鼠USP18.18相比,具有明显较低的催化活性.
- 在USP18中失去功能会影响免疫调节,病原体易感性和瘤生长.
结论:
- 脚手架功能,而不是催化活性,是USP18在人类I型干扰素信号传递中的作用的主要驱动因素.
- 人类USP18的最小催化活性解决了机械学上的模两可,并为治疗策略提供了信息.
- 针对USP18提供了新的癌症和自身免疫性疾病治疗的潜力.
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