在D阳性接受者接受D阳性血小板输血后的抗D免疫:系统性审查和元分析
Tamar Hubert1, Jean Louis Kerkhoffs1,2, Anneke Brand3
1Department of Hematology, Haga Teaching Hospital, The Hague, The Netherlands.
Transfusion
|April 18, 2024
概括
在D-不相容的血小板输血后的抗D合免疫是低的,影响1.9%的患者. 风险因素包括女性性别和全血血小板,需要在孕期妇女中进行预防.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 输血医学 输血医学
- 产科 产科 产科 产科 产科
背景情况:
- 在对D阴性 (D-) 个体输血D阳性 (D+) 血小板后,可以产生抗D抗体.
- 由于与胎儿和新生儿的血液溶解性疾病有关,抗D对生育年龄的妇女来说是一个重大问题.
- 这次审查系统评估了输血后抗D形成的发生率,并确定了相关的风险因素.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和确定D不相容的血小板输血后抗D形成的频率.
- 在接受D+血小板的患者中,识别与D配免疫相关的风险因素.
主要方法:
- 使用PubMed,Embase和Web of Science进行了系统的文献搜索,直到2022年12月.
- 使用随机效应元分析估计了整体抗D频率和相关风险因素.
- 研究包括接受D+血小板输血的患者,并对抗D形成进行评估.
主要成果:
- 在22项涉及3028名D患者的研究中, anti-D的总频率为3.3% (95%CI为2.0-5.0%).
- 专注于至少4周随访的患者 (n=1497),主要抗D率为1.9% (95% CI 0.9-3.2%).
- 妇女和接受全血血小板的患者表现出相对男性和接受异位血小板的患者相比显著更高的抗D形成率.
结论:
- 在D-不相容的血小板输血后进行抗D免疫是罕见的.
- 接收者的性别和血小板的来源 (全血衍生的与非衍生的) 是免疫接种风险的关键决定因素.
- 建议对D阴性女孩和孕期妇女进行抗D预防,这些妇女接受D+血小板以减轻胎儿和新生儿血液溶解疾病的风险.
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