污染偏差在儿童虐待对青少年内化和外化行为问题的因果影响估计中的污染偏差
John M Felt1, Ulziimaa Chimed-Ochir2, Kenneth A Shores3
1Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
概括
在虐待儿童研究中的污染,当比较组经历虐待时,结果会产生偏见. 控制这种污染可以显著提高儿童行为问题的效果大小估计的准确性和统计意义.
科学领域:
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 虐待儿童的研究容易受到污染,其中非虐待的比较组包括暴露于虐待的儿童.
- 未解决的污染下降偏差影响大小估计,影响发现的意义和规模.
- 本研究探讨了用于检测和控制污染的双重测量策略对因果效应大小估计的影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查儿童虐待研究中检测和控制污染如何影响因果效应大小估计.
- 为了比较前性与后性自我报告措施在控制污染方面的影响.
- 量化污染对内部化和外部化行为问题估计的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了LONGSCAN研究中的634名儿童的数据,确认了儿童虐待案件.
- 从4岁到16岁每两年评估儿童虐待和行为问题 (内部化/外部化).
- 采用合成控制方法来估计因果关系,比较具有和没有污染控制的模型,使用前性和后性自我报告.
主要成果:
- 在未受到虐待的群体中,污染率在62%至67%之间.
- 控制污染显著增加了统计学意义和效果大小 (17-54%) 的内化行为.
- 污染控制还产生了统计学上显著的影响,用于外部化行为,当使用前性方法.
结论:
- 非虐待的比较组中的污染显著低估了因果效应大小,特别是在内化行为方面.
- 实施检测和控制污染的战略对于儿童虐待研究中准确和可复制的发现至关重要.
- 双重测量策略有效地解决了污染问题,提高了因果效应估计的有效性.
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