与热相关的紧急部门访问 - 美国,2023年5月至9月
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
|April 18, 2024
概括
2023年创纪录的热浪导致热相关疾病 (HRI) 紧急诊所访问的数量大幅增加. 公共卫生监测对于在极端高温期间及时预防至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生监督 公共卫生监督
背景情况:
- 极端高温事件对健康构成重大风险,不成比例地影响儿童,孕妇和户外工作者等弱势群体.
- 美国在2023年经历了创纪录的温度,增加了公众对长期极端高温的暴露.
- 热相关疾病 (HRI) 代表着日益严重的公共卫生问题,气候变化加剧了这一问题.
研究的目的:
- 分析2023年温暖季节紧急服务部门 (ED) 访问HRI的趋势.
- 将2023年HRI ED访问率与2018-2022年的历史数据进行比较.
- 为公共卫生干预和极端高温风险传播策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 利用来自国家综合征监测计划的数据来跟踪HRI的每日急救诊所访问.
- 将2023年5月至9月的HRI ED访问率与2018-2022年的平均率进行比较.
- 分析了人口统计数据,注意到男性和女性之间HRI ED访问的差异,特别是在18-64岁的年龄组.
主要成果:
- 在2023年,美国多个地区的每日HRI ED访问率达到峰值,并在长时间内保持较高.
- 与女性相比,男性,特别是18-64岁的男性,在HRI ED访问中占比较高.
- 疾病控制和预防中心 (CDC) 发布了公共卫生警报,以应对HRI ED访问激增的情况.
结论:
- 气候变化加剧的极端高温事件需要持续的公共卫生警.
- 实时监测天气和健康结果对于有效的公共卫生沟通和预防至关重要.
- 有针对性的干预措施和及时的风险沟通对于减轻极端高温对健康的影响至关重要.
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