社会评价如何塑造对45种类型科学家的信任
Vukašin Gligorić1, Gerben A van Kleef1, Bastiaan T Rutjens1
1Departement of Social Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
PloS one
|April 18, 2024
概括
公众对科学家的信任对于实施基于科学的解决方案至关重要. 对道德和能力的看法极大地影响了这种信任,特别是对两极分化领域的科学家来说,影响了政策的影响.
科学领域:
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 科学传播是科学传播.
背景情况:
- 公共信任对于科学来说至关重要,以告知政策和解决社会问题.
- 目前关于信任决定因素的研究缺乏对各种科学职业的考虑.
- 了解跨科学领域的信任差异对于有效的科学政策整合至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查社会评价维度 (能力,自信,道德,热情) 如何影响公众对各种科学职业的信任.
- 确定信任和愿意给予科学家政策影响力的关键预测因素.
- 检查社会评价和信任之间的关系在各种科学角色中如何不同.
主要方法:
- 对2,780名美国参与者进行的调查评估了对45个不同的科学职业的信任.
- 利用了社会评价的四个既定维度:能力,自信,道德和温暖.
- 统计分析以确定社会评估对信任和政策影响的预测能力.
主要成果:
- 总体而言,对科学家的信任很高,但在各个职业中显示出显著的差异.
- 对道德和能力的看法是对科学家信任的最强有力的预测因素.
- 伦理对信任的影响在争议领域的科学家中尤为明显,例如气候学.
结论:
- 公众对科学家的信任是多方面的,受感知道德和能力的影响.
- 具体的科学职业显著缓解了感知特征和公众信任之间的关系.
- 承认职业多样性对于准确评估公众信任和促进以科学为基础的政策制定至关重要.
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