从韩国不良事件报告系统数据库中对与新抗发作药物相关的不良药物反应进行比较分析
Hyun Kyung Kim1, Kyung Sik Jang1, Dong Wook Kim2
1Department of Neurology, National Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
Epilepsy & behavior : E&B
|April 18, 2024
概括
新抗发作药物 (ASM) 显示出显著的不良药物反应 (ADR),特别是皮肤反应和特异性作用. 儿科患者经历了更多的B型副作用,因此需要谨慎使用这些药物.
科学领域:
- 药物监督 药物监督 药物监督
- 临床药理学 临床药理学
- 神经学 神经学
背景情况:
- 抗发作药物 (ASM) 对管理至关重要.
- 了解新型ASM的长期安全概况对于临床实践至关重要.
- 全国范围内的药监数据为现实世界药物安全提供了宝贵的见解.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较和描述六个新的ASM的安全概况.
- 从长期的角度分析药物不良反应 (ADRs).
- 确定与不同ASM和患者人口统计相关的特定ADR模式.
主要方法:
- 描述性分析来自韩国不良事件报告系统 (2013-2022) 的5,733份ADR报告.
- 增加了六种新的ASM:lacosamide, levetiracetam,lamotrigine,oxcarbazepine,topiramate和zonisamide.这些新药包括在内.
- 使用MedDRA术语,器官系统类别和修改的WHO标准对ADRs的分类.
主要成果:
- 常见的副作用包括皮疹/尿疹 (31.8%),头 (7.1%),昏昏欲睡 (5.4%),肝毒性 (4.8%).
- 比A型 (机理相关) 效应 (45.6%) 更频繁的是B型 (异常) 效应 (51.1%).
- 拉莫特里金和牛炭bazepine与皮肤/皮下疾病和B型效应相关; 拉科萨米德,托皮拉米德和佐尼萨米德与神经系统疾病和A型效应相关. 儿科患者的皮肤/皮下疾病和B型影响的发病率更高.
结论:
- 过敏性皮肤反应和B型效应仍然是新ASM的显著ADR.
- 在某些ASM中,A型效应更为普遍.
- 儿童群体表现出较高的B型效应发病率,强调需要谨慎处方新的ASM.
相关概念视频
01:20Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators
176
Ezocgabine or retigabine, an antiepileptic drug of remarkable efficacy, has revolutionized the management of seizures. It is a potassium channel activator, explicitly targeting the family of Q subtype potassium channels. It enhances the transmembrane potassium currents, regulating neuronal excitability. This action stabilizes the resting membrane potential, a pivotal factor in mitigating the hyperexcitability that characterizes epilepsy.
Ezogabine has gained approval as an adjunctive treatment...
Ezogabine has gained approval as an adjunctive treatment...
176
01:19Pharmacovigilance
830
Post-marketing surveillance is a critical component of pharmaceutical regulation, often uncovering unanticipated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) once a drug is widely used over an extended period.
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
830
01:20Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein
288
Antiepileptic drugs, such as levetiracetam (Keppra) and brivaracetam (Briviact), have emerged as crucial tools in managing epilepsy. These medications exert their therapeutic effects by targeting the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily found in the brain.
SV2A is a transmembrane glycoprotein located predominantly in the brain, modulating the release of neurotransmitters for neuronal communication. Both levetiracetam and brivaracetam exhibit a high affinity for...
SV2A is a transmembrane glycoprotein located predominantly in the brain, modulating the release of neurotransmitters for neuronal communication. Both levetiracetam and brivaracetam exhibit a high affinity for...
288
01:14Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists
325
Glutamate is a fundamental neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, playing a vital role in neuronal communication and various cognitive processes. Glutamate stands as the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Its presence is crucial for the communication between neurons, underpinning essential processes such as synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and plasticity. These functions are vital for higher-order cognitive processes, including learning and memory. The...
325
01:17Antiepileptic Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers
382
Calcium channel blockers, a class of antiepileptic drugs, regulate the flow of calcium ions within neurons.
Calcium channel blockers exert their antiepileptic effects by targeting T-type calcium channels, which are integral to transmitting nerve signals in the central nervous system. These channels allow the passage of calcium ions, which are vital for neuronal communication. By inhibiting T-type calcium channels, calcium channel blockers effectively reduce the release of neurotransmitters and...
Calcium channel blockers exert their antiepileptic effects by targeting T-type calcium channels, which are integral to transmitting nerve signals in the central nervous system. These channels allow the passage of calcium ions, which are vital for neuronal communication. By inhibiting T-type calcium channels, calcium channel blockers effectively reduce the release of neurotransmitters and...
382
01:08Antiepileptic Drugs: Sodium Channel Blockers
522
Antiepileptic drugs are specialized medications that prevent seizures in individuals diagnosed with epilepsy. These drugs primarily function by blocking the movement of sodium ions through channels in the neuronal membrane, inhibiting the repetitive firing of action potentials often associated with seizures.
Sodium channel blockers modulate ion channels, particularly voltage-gated sodium channels. They block only sodium ion movement.
Among the most commonly prescribed antiepileptic drugs are...
Sodium channel blockers modulate ion channels, particularly voltage-gated sodium channels. They block only sodium ion movement.
Among the most commonly prescribed antiepileptic drugs are...
522