在全球企业级供应网络中,经济冲击暴露的不平等
Abhijit Chakraborty1, Tobias Reisch1,2, Christian Diem1,3
1Complexity Science Hub Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Nature communications
|April 18, 2024
概括
全球供应网络增加了财富,但扩散了经济冲击. 富裕国家使贫穷国家面临更大的系统风险,加剧全球不平等,特别是在供应危机期间.
科学领域:
- 经济学 经济学 经济学
- 国际贸易 国际贸易 国际贸易
- 网络分析 网络分析
背景情况:
- 各国长期从事国际贸易和生产,创造复杂的全球供应网络.
- 这些网络在促进财富的同时,也促进了经济冲击的跨境传播.
- 了解这些网络中的系统风险流动对于经济稳定至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化一个国家因国际企业倒闭而遭受的直接和间接经济损失的风险.
- 绘制国际系统性风险流的网络.
- 分析风险暴露,经济发展和GDP增长之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 利用全球,企业级供应网络数据.
- 通过直接和间接的供应链联系,估计了国家层面对经济损失的风险.
- 分析了跨国民经济的系统性风险流动.
主要成果:
- 富裕国家使贫穷国家面临更大的系统风险,而不是相反.
- 经济风险高度集中在全球网络中.
- 较高的风险暴露与GDP水平的风险溢价或GDP增长的增加无关.
结论:
- 全球化生产给发展中国家带来的好处,却受到重大风险的影响.
- 系统性风险暴露代表了全球不平等的新维度,在供应冲击期间不成比例地影响弱势群体.
- 重新思考全球供应链中风险和收益的分配是必不可少的.
相关概念视频
01:24Stress Concentrations
286
Stress concentration is when stress intensifies near discontinuities such as holes or abrupt cross-sectional changes in a structural member. This localized stress can often surpass the average stress within the member. The stress distribution in flat bars, either with a circular hole or varying widths connected by fillets, can be determined experimentally using a photoelastic method. The results are based on ratios of geometric parameters like the ratio of the hole's radius to the smaller...
286
02:01Factorial Design
13.0K
Factorial Analysis is an experimental design that applies Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistical procedures to examine a change in a dependent variable due to more than one independent variable, also known as factors. Changes in worker productivity can be reasoned, for example, to be influenced by salary and other conditions, such as skill level. One way to test this hypothesis is by categorizing salary into three levels (low, moderate, and high) and skills sets into two levels (entry level...
13.0K