基于年龄的刻板印象威胁对基于时间的前性记忆的影响
Alex Pak Lik Tsang1, Stephen Cheong Yu Chan2, Hui Jing Lu1
1Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Frontiers in psychology
|April 19, 2024
概括
基于年龄的刻板印象威胁 (ABST) 对老年人的基于时间的前性记忆 (TBPM) 有负面影响. 露骨地激活这些威胁显著降低了记忆性能,特别是在70-80岁的人中.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 基于年龄的刻板印象威胁 (ABST) 是关于老年人认知能力下降的普遍社会信念.
- 预期记忆 (PM),即记住在未来执行预期的行为的能力,对于老年人的日常功能至关重要.
- 基于时间的前性记忆 (TBPM) 具体涉及到记住在指定的时间执行一个动作.
研究的目的:
- 调查基于年龄的刻板印象威胁 (ABST) 激活对老年人基于时间的前性记忆 (TBPM) 的影响.
- 为了确定刻板印象威胁是否不同地影响TBPM表现,基于老年成人中的年龄子组.
主要方法:
- 来自香港的74名老年人的样本被招募并随机分配到刻板印象 (痴呆相关新闻) 或中性 (英语技能新闻) 状态.
- 参与者完成了一个基于时间的前性记忆任务,嵌入在一个中文词汇决策任务中.
- 性能通过TBPM精度来衡量.
主要成果:
- 观察到ABST对TBPM准确性的显著主要影响,其中刻板印象条件的参与者显示的准确性较低.
- 暴露于明显ABST的老年人表现出TBPM性能受损 (p <0.05).
- 进一步分析显示,TBPM准确性仅在老年子组 (70-80岁,p <0.05) 中显著下降.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了新的证据,即基于年龄的刻板印象威胁的公然激活可以扰乱老年人基于时间的潜在记忆性能.
- ABST对TBPM的有害影响在老年人群中 (70-80岁) 的老年人群中尤为明显.
- 这些发现强调了老年人对刻板印象威胁的认知脆弱性,并对旨在维护记忆功能的干预措施产生影响.
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