日本儿童睡眠问题的患病率和因素:一个基于人口的研究
Asami Kuki1, Ai Terui2, Yui Sakamoto2
1School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan.
Frontiers in pediatrics
|April 19, 2024
概括
这项研究发现,18%的5岁日本儿童经历睡眠问题,通常与神经发育障碍和生活方式因素如屏幕时间有关. 建议针对可修改因素的干预措施.
科学领域:
- 儿科睡眠医学 儿科睡眠医学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 睡眠问题在儿童中很常见,包括那些有和没有神经发育障碍 (NDS) 的儿童.
- 基于人口的,年龄特定的流行数据和与儿童睡眠问题的社会人口统计学/生活方式因素的相关性是有限的.
- 这项研究通过检查日本5岁儿童的睡眠问题来弥补这一差距.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定日本5岁儿童睡眠问题的基于人口的,年龄特定的患病率.
- 调查睡眠问题与特定的社会人口和生活方式相关因素之间的相关性.
- 根据可修改的风险因素确定潜在的干预目标.
主要方法:
- 一项基于人口的研究,涉及来自日本广岛市的2,336名五岁儿童.
- 使用日本学龄前儿童睡眠问卷 (JSQ-P) 评估睡眠问题,得分≥86表示有问题.
- 关于社会人口因素 (例如,收入,兄弟姐妹) 和生活方式因素 (例如,睡觉时间,屏幕时间) 的数据被采集并使用千米平方测试进行分析.
主要成果:
- 在5岁儿童中,睡眠问题的总体患病率为18% (369/2,055).
- 在患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) (50.4%) 和注意力缺陷/多动症障碍 (ADHD) (39.8%) 的儿童中观察到更高的患病率.
- 发现与低收入,缺乏兄弟姐妹,晚睡时间,晚起时间,睡眠时间缩短,睡眠时间延迟和屏幕时间增加有显著的相关性.
结论:
- 在5岁的日本儿童中,睡眠问题的严重流行率 (18%) 存在.
- 睡眠问题与神经发育障碍以及特定的社会人口和生活方式因素有显著的相关性.
- 诸如睡觉时间,清醒时间和屏幕时间等可修改因素为开发有针对性的睡眠干预提供了机会.
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