中年和老年人认知能力下降的性别差异:欧洲的一个队列研究
Katrin Wolfova1,2, Barbora Frycova1, Dominika Seblova1
1Department of Epidemiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague 150 06, Czech Republic.
Age and ageing
|April 19, 2024
概括
这项研究没有发现老年欧洲人认知能力下降的性别差异. 然而,认知衰退率因出生队列和地区而异,这表明了重要的亚组差异.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 关于认知衰退的性别差异的先前研究产生了不一致的结果.
- 许多欧洲国家在现有研究中代表性不足.
- 了解这些差异对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在欧洲大样本中确定性别与认知衰退之间的关联.
- 探索不同出生群体和地理区域的认知衰退的变化.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自欧洲健康,老龄化和退休调查 (SHARE) 的数据,其中有超过66000名50岁以上的参与者.
- 认知功能评估使用测试的立即回忆,延迟回忆和口语流性,长达17年.
- 线性混合效应模型分析了性别和认知衰退率之间的关系,并调整了共变量.
主要成果:
- 对于立即回忆,延迟回忆或口头流性,在认知衰退的速度上没有明显的整体性别差异.
- 与男性相比,在第二次世界大战前出生的女性的立即和延迟回忆能力下降得更快.
- 中欧/东欧地区的女性比男性表现出较慢的延迟回忆衰退.
结论:
- 该研究发现,对于老年欧洲人认知能力下降的整体性别差异的证据有限.
- 认知衰退在出生队列和欧洲地区之间存在显著的异质性.
- 研究结果强调,在理解认知衰老时需要考虑人口因素.
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