自报上肢限制在美国的种族/民族差异. 年长的成年人
Rachel N Logue Cook1, Matthew A Davis2,3, Rebecca E Hasson1
1School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
概括
老年人,特别是墨西哥裔美国人和非西班牙裔黑人,面临着更大的上肢残疾影响日常活动. 早期监测上肢功能对于防止失去独立性至关重要.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 关于残疾人的研究.
背景情况:
- 日常生活活动中的残疾 (ADL) 是人口老龄化的一个主要问题.
- 西班牙裔和非西班牙裔 (NH) 黑人老年人的残疾患病率高于NH白人.
- 目前的ADL残疾措施经常忽视上肢限制,掩盖了功能衰退中的种族/民族差异.
研究的目的:
- 在老年人中调查上肢ADL-残疾的种族/种族差异.
- 确定在少数老年人群中不成比例地受到残疾影响的特定上肢任务.
主要方法:
- 来自2011-2018年国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) 的4,292名老年人 (≥65) 的分析.
- 参与者根据上肢5项任务的限制进行分类:准备饭菜,吃饭,穿衣服,向上伸手和抓住.
- 在非西班牙裔白人,非西班牙裔黑人和墨西哥裔美国人群体中比较上肢限制率.
主要成果:
- 与NH白人相比,NH黑人老年人出现了与准备饭菜 (OR: 1.36) 和穿衣 (OR: 1.55) 困难的几率明显更高.
- 墨西哥裔美国老年人报告说,在准备饭菜 (OR:1.70),穿衣服 (OR:1.63) 和抓住小物体 (OR:1.48) 中遇到更大的困难.
结论:
- 在种族/种族群体之间,自报告的上肢ADL残疾存在显著差异,而墨西哥裔美国人面临着显著的挑战.
- 研究结果强调,需要在所有成年人中进行常规的上肢功能评估,以便及早发现限制.
- 需要有针对性的干预措施来解决上肢功能下降的问题,并保持老龄化人口的独立性.
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