机器学习算法用于预测患有多药耐药格拉姆阴性感染的患者的电子健康记录中的胆固醇诱导性毒性
Ling-Wan Chiu1, Yi-En Ku2, Fan-Ying Chan2
1Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
International journal of antimicrobial agents
|April 20, 2024
概括
机器学习模型可以预测胆固醇诱导的毒性,这是这种抗生素的严重副作用. 早期识别高风险患者可能会改善治疗结果并降低死亡率.
科学领域:
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學.
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 胆固醇对于治疗多药耐药性格拉姆阴性感染至关重要.
- 胆固醇诱导的毒性是一个重大的临床挑战,导致长时间住院和增加死亡率.
- 对毒性的预测工具是必要的,以优化患者护理.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证机器学习 (ML) 模型,用于预测素诱导的毒性.
- 确定与毒性相关的关键风险因素和患者特征.
- 为了告知对胆固醇剂量指南的潜在调整.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自三家医院的1,392名接受素治疗的患者的数据.
- 开发了15个ML模型,使用了诸如分类增强,光梯度增强机器和随机森林等算法.
- 使用灵敏度,F1分数,MCC,AUROC和AUPRC进行模型性能比较,并根据特征重要性进行了SHapley添加式扩展.
主要成果:
- 性能最好的模型 (用过量采样进行分类提升) 实现了高精度 (AUROC 0.823,AUPRC 0.737).
- 确定的主要预测因素包括胆固醇使用的持续时间,累积和每日剂量,C反应蛋白和基线血红蛋白.
- 胆固醇剂量截止值为4.0mg/kg体重/天,与较高的毒性风险有关.
结论:
- ML模型显示承诺作为早期识别工具,用于素诱导的毒性.
- 研究结果表明,目前对胆固醇剂量调整的指导方针可能有所修改.
- 建议进行进一步的前性和地理上多样化的验证研究,以确认现实世界的适用性.
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