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在ADHD成年人编码期间,与事件相关的阿尔法降低 - - 对持续的注意力和工作记忆过程的调查

René Freichel¹, Nicolas Zink², Fang Yu Chang²

¹Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Behavioural brain research

|April 20, 2024

概括

与儿童不同的是,ADHD的成年人表现出正常的α事件相关下降 (ERD) 在工作记忆任务中. 这表明不同的神经机制是成年期持续性ADHD症状的基础,可能涉及视觉空间皮层以外的其他大脑区域.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
认知心理学认知心理学
精神病学是一个精神病学.

背景情况:

执行功能缺陷是注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 模型的核心.
阿尔法节律 (8-12赫兹) 活动与ADHD的认知障碍有关,特别是在儿童中.
以前的研究集中在儿童的神经机制上,使得成年ADHD机制的理解变得不太清楚.

研究的目的:

调查阿尔法事件相关下降 (ERD) 在ADHD和没有ADHD的成年人工作记忆过程中的作用.
为了确定在儿童中观察到的与ADHD相关的工作记忆障碍是否会持续到成年.

主要方法:

收集了85名ADHD成年人和105名对照组 (32-64岁) 的脑电图 (EEG) 数据.
管理了一个连续性能任务 (CPT) 和一个空间延迟响应工作记忆任务 (SDRT).
利用时间频率和独立组件分析 (ICA) 在不同任务阶段和负载期间检查alpha ERD.

主要成果:

患有ADHD的成年人表现出更慢的反应时间和更高的反应时间变化,但与对照人群相比,准确性相似.
工作记忆负载在两组中都增加了alpha ERD,但在ADHD成年人中没有发现一致的减弱的alpha ERD.
在编码期间的α功率与整个样本中的注意力不集中和过度活跃-冲动性症状相关.

结论:

阿尔法ERD是视觉注意力的强有力的标志物,其尾模式在成年后正常化.
中心骨αERD的独特贡献表明ADHD成年人的其他神经源.
成年人持续的ADHD症状可能源于之前已识别的视觉空间皮层参与之外的机制.

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