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对病原体进行回顾性分析,以指导创建EMPIRIc抗生素预处方途径 (EMPIRE)
Lorraine A Todor1, David M Hill1
1Department of Pharmacy, Regional One Health, Memphis, TN 38103, USA.
概括
目前的经验性抗生素,万科米辛和塞菲皮姆,在没有医疗相关感染风险因素 (HAIRF) 的患者中对早期烧伤感染有效. 在早期的肺炎中,由于病原体耐药性,不建议缩小抗生素谱.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 抗微生物药物管理委员会
- 烧伤关键护理 关键护理
背景情况:
- 烧伤患者有感染的高风险.
- 早期的经验性抗生素选择对患者的治疗结果至关重要.
- 识别病原体及其易感性指导治疗的改进.
研究的目的:
- 在没有医疗相关感染风险因素 (HAIRF) 的早期烧伤感染 (7天内入院) 中评估病原体易感性.
- 评估当前实证抗生素 (万科米辛加塞菲皮姆) 对改进抗生素处方途径的充分性.
- 根据感染源来确定抗生素光谱是否可以缩小.
主要方法:
- 在3年的时间里,从烧伤患者中对268种临床相关病原体进行了回顾性分析.
- 病原体按来源 (伤口,呼吸道,血液,尿液,骨头) 和格拉姆染色物的分类.
- 评估范科米辛加塞菲皮姆对孤立病原体的覆盖率.
主要成果:
- 格拉姆阴性病原体占隔离物的45%,其中69%来自伤口培养.
- 范科米辛加塞菲皮姆覆盖了98%的格拉姆阳性和84%的格拉姆阴性病原体.
- 在没有HAIRF的患者中,覆盖率分别增加到98%和90%.
结论:
- 在没有HAIRF的烧伤患者中,万科米辛和塞菲皮姆仍然是早期感染的适当经验选择.
- 在这种人群中,较窄谱的抗生素对于早期发病的肺炎是不够的.
- 虽然很少见,但在早期的伤口感染中可以发现具有挑战性的病原体.
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