超声波处理:对乳制品物理化学和微生物学的影响
Kaavya Rathnakumar1, Surangna Jain2, Nancy Awasti3
1Department of Food Science, University of WI, Madison, WI, USA.
Critical reviews in biotechnology
|April 21, 2024
概括
超声处理通过消除沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌等病原体,提高乳制品的安全性和保质期. 这项技术可以修改牛奶蛋白和脂肪,而不会影响营养或感官质量.
科学领域:
- 食品科学与技术 食品科学与技术
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 食品工程 食品工程
背景情况:
- 乳制品容易受到致病微生物的污染,导致食源性疾病和腐败.
- 不适当的储存和处理做法加剧了微生物的生长和产品的恶化.
- 传统的热处理可能会对乳制品的营养和感官质量产生负面影响.
研究的目的:
- 审查乳制品行业对超声处理的当前研究.
- 讨论超声波在改善乳制品安全性和保质期方面的有效性.
- 探索乳制品中超声波应用的未来研究方向.
主要方法:
- 关于乳制品超声波加工的科学文献的综述.
- 对研究超声波对微生物无活化的影响的研究分析.
- 对超声波对牛奶蛋白质,脂肪,营养和感官特性影响的研究进行评估.
主要成果:
- 超声处理有效地消除了致病微生物,如沙门氏菌,大肠杆菌,金黄色葡萄球菌和单细胞菌李斯特菌.
- 超声波的有效性取决于诸如微生物类型,pH值,温度,波频/强度和超声波时间等因素.
- 超声处理可以修改牛奶蛋白和脂肪,提高食品安全性和保质期,而不会对营养或感官资料产生重大负面影响.
结论:
- 超声处理为乳制品的传统热处理提供了一个安全,环保的替代方案.
- 虽然有效,但潜在的缺点包括高的初始成本,自由基的产生,以及长时间使用可能导致的感官恶化.
- 需要进一步的研究来优化超声波参数,并解决乳制品行业广泛采用的局限性.
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