快速的听觉和语音处理依赖于左侧时间平面
Kelly C Martin1, Andrew T DeMarco2, Sara M Dyslin1
1Georgetown University Medical Center.
Research square
|April 22, 2024
概括
左平原时 (PT) 的损伤损害了快速听觉信息的处理,影响了中风幸存者的语音感知和语言技能. 这突显了PT在听觉转化为语言转移中的作用.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 听觉神经科学 听觉神经科学
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
背景情况:
- 语言处理主要位于大脑的左侧.
- 这种左半球 (LH) 优势的确切原因,特别是在演讲中快速听觉信息方面,仍然不清楚.
- 假设表明LH在处理快速展开的声学信息方面具有优势,这对于语音感知至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查LH损伤与听觉处理任务的性能之间的关系,特别是频率调制 (FM) 扫描定向判断.
- 为了确定LH内的特定大脑区域,其损伤与快速处理听觉信息的缺陷相关.
- 检查对已识别区域的损害是否影响依赖于快速听觉处理的语言技能,例如语音识别和单词/伪词重复.
主要方法:
- 在中风幸存者和健康对照者之间比较短 (25ms) 和长 (250ms) FM扫描判断的性能.
- 使用支持向量回归病变症状映射 (SVR-LSM) 来将病变位置与FM扫描判断性能相关联.
- 根据左平面 (PT) 损伤状况,分析中风幸存者的子组中停止辅音识别和伪词重复的表现.
主要成果:
- 卒中幸存者在FM扫描判断方面表现明显差于对照者,特别是在短扫描方面.
- 损伤-症状映射确定了左侧PT作为一个关键区域,与受损的短FM扫描判断相关.
- 与没有PT病变的参与者相比,左PT病变的参与者在停止辅音识别和伪词重复方面表现明显差.
- 对于伪词重复而言,PT病变的影响比真实词重复更为明显,这表明它在语法访问中扮演了声音序列的角色.
结论:
- 左PT对于在短时间窗口 (≤25ms) 内处理听觉信息至关重要.
- 左侧PT损伤会对依赖于快速听觉处理的语言能力产生负面影响,包括语音区分和口头流.
- 左侧PT可以作为一个关键的神经基质,用于听觉到语言信息传输.
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