侧轨前额皮层在决策过程中编码风险的存在和主观风险偏好
Daniel B K Gabriel1, Felix Havugimana2, Anna E Liley3
1Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|April 22, 2024
概括
横向轨道前皮层 (lOFC) 在决策过程中发出环境风险信号. 风险偏好个体表现出改变的LOFC活动,表明其在惩罚风险下的适应性选择中的作用.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 决策科学 决策科学 决策科学
背景情况:
- 适应性决策平衡了客观风险/回报与主观偏好.
- 失调的风险评估与精神疾病有关,侧轨道前皮层 (lOFC) 是一个关键区域.
- 国际奥林匹克委员会在调解风险选择中的作用,特别是受到惩罚的威胁,需要进一步阐明.
研究的目的:
- 研究横向轨道前皮层 (lOFC) 在基于惩罚的决策过程中处理风险和奖励的作用.
- 为了确定LOFC神经活动如何编码环境风险和奖励大小.
- 探索个人对风险偏好的差异及其在LOFC中的神经相关性.
主要方法:
- 在自由移动的老鼠中,单单单元电生理学,执行基于惩罚的风险决策任务.
- 老鼠在一个小而安全的奖励和一个有0%或50%惩罚风险的大奖励之间做出选择.
- 机器学习 (随机森林分类器) 用于预测LOFC活动中的风险和选择.
主要成果:
- 在整个决策过程 (选择前,选择期间和选择后) 中,IOFC的活动始终编码环境风险.
- 奖励大小是由LOFC编码的,主要是在行动选择过程中.
- lOFC活动预测了惩罚风险,并区分了喜欢风险和不喜欢风险的老鼠.
- 风险偏好性大鼠与风险偏好性大鼠相比,具有较低的LOFC风险编码和增强的奖励大小编码.
结论:
- 该LOFC作为一个关键的枢纽,整合了环境风险和内部偏好,以指导潜在惩罚下的决策.
- 改变了LOFC功能,特别是风险和奖励编码,可能是某些精神疾病中观察到的过度冒险行为的基础.
- 这些发现为适应性决策的神经机制及其失调提供了新的见解.
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