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在地中海气候下培育新的无种子桌面葡萄树,以实现更可持续的葡萄种植

Luciana Piarulli^1,2, Costantino Pirolo^1,2, Vincenzo Roseti²

¹SINAGRI S.r.l. - Spin-Off of the University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.

Frontiers in plant science

|April 22, 2024

概括

可持续的葡萄育种计划正在开发新的食用葡萄品种,这些品种对粉状菌 (PM) 和状菌 (DM) 具有抗性. 研究人员成功地将无种和抗病特征结合在新的葡萄基因型中.

科学领域:

葡萄种植和植物育种.
遗传学和基因组学遗传学和基因组学
可持续农业可持续农业

背景情况:

越来越多的可持续葡萄种植需求推动了对抗病葡萄品种的需求.
粉状菌 (PM) 和状菌 (DM) 是对葡萄生产,特别是食用葡萄的主要威胁.
育种计划对于开发具有耐病性和无种子性等理想特征的新品种至关重要.

研究的目的:

开发和评估新的桌面葡萄品种,它们具有对PM和DM的联合耐药性和无种子性.
评估标记辅助选择在加速繁殖过程中的有效性.
确定最佳的父母组合,以便在食用葡萄中高效地基因金字塔化.

主要方法:

开始了一项广泛的交叉计划,涉及113种精英,无种子和耐药的桌面葡萄品种的交叉.
用标记器辅助选择 (MAS) 来识别无种子的苗木 (VvAGL11标记器) 和对PM和DM的抵抗.
在现场对选定的后代进行了表型评估,以确认耐药性和无种特征.

主要成果:

产生了超过103,000个幼苗,其中大约有32,600个被选为假定无种子.
17,500个苗木被转移到田间进行评估.
208个个体表现出对黄的抗性,22个对粉状的抗性,20个个体将两种抗性与无种结合起来.

结论:

该研究成功地确定了桌面葡萄的基因型,结合了无种和对主要真菌病的耐药性.
标记器辅助选择显著提高了对抗疾病,无种子葡萄的育种计划的效率.
了解父母的影响对于优化基因金字塔和开发优质桌面葡萄品种至关重要.

关键词:

埃里西弗·内卡托尔 (Erysiphe necator) 是一个鱼.血相对维蒂科拉 (Viticola) 的用标记器辅助的选择.电阻的电阻是指电阻的电阻没有种子,没有种子.餐饮葡萄是桌面葡萄中的一种.

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