了解最佳节奏动态:对赛道骑自行车运动员的动力-速度关系进行系统分析,以增加运动强度
Anna Katharina Dunst1, Clemens Hesse2, Olaf Ueberschär3,4
1Institute for Applied Training Science, Department of Endurance Sports, Leipzig, Germany.
Frontiers in physiology
|April 22, 2024
概括
最佳的骑自行车节奏随着运动强度的增加而增加,随着运动的增加,转向更快的肌肉纤维招募. 这表明强度区域应该考虑运动速度,而不仅仅是绝对值.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 体育 生物力学 运动 生物力学
- 骑自行车表现 骑自行车表现
背景情况:
- 了解力-速度 (F/v) 和功率-速度 (P/v) 关系对于优化运动表现至关重要.
- 以前的研究还没有完全阐明这些关系和最佳节奏如何在增量运动期间在各种代谢状态中发生变化.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究F/v和P/v关系的演变,增加工作速度,直到最大的氧气吸收 (V.O2max).
- 为了确定特征性代谢状态如何影响最佳循环节奏.
- 评估短跑者和耐力运动员之间最佳节奏的潜在差异.
主要方法:
- 十四名专业赛道骑行者完成了在不同节奏 (60,90,120rpm) 的亚最大增量测试和高强度试验.
- 测量了包括心率,氧气摄入量 (V.O2) 和血液中乳酸盐度在内的生理标志物.
- 在特定的工作速度下分析了力-速度和功率-速度配置文件,对应乳酸值 (LT1),最大脂肪燃烧 (FATmax),最大乳酸稳定状态 (MLSS) 和VO2max.
主要成果:
- 最佳节奏表明,随着运动强度的增加,西格形增长,从LT1时每分钟66转到VO2max时每分钟84转.
- 在最大冲刺时,确定了135rpm的无疲劳的最佳节奏.
- 在短跑者和耐力运动员之间没有发现最佳节奏的显著差异,除了没有疲劳的最佳节奏.
结论:
- 最佳的骑自行车节奏逐渐增加,并且随着运动强度的逐渐增加,达到最大的有氧功率.
- 这些发现表明,在更高的强度下,肌肉纤维的招募速度正在转变,因此需要将运动速度整合到性能模型中.
- 运动强度区域应根据运动速度而不是仅仅是绝对输出功率来定义.
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