最近在台湾的造血干细胞移植方面的进展
Chi-Cheng Li1,2,3, Xavier Cheng-Hong Tsai4,5,6, Wei-Han Huang1,2,7
1Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
Tzu chi medical journal
|April 22, 2024
概括
台湾的造血干细胞移植 (HSCT) 已经取得了显著的进展,不相关的和完全相同的捐赠者的使用增加,老年患者的数量增加. 关键的发展包括对并发症的风险预测和对某些癌症的生存率的提高.
科学领域:
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
- 移植医学 移植医学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 造血干细胞移植 (HSCT) 是治疗血液学疾病的治疗方法.
- 在1983年至2022年期间,在台湾已经进行了超过1万次HSCT手术.
- 台湾血液和骨髓移植注册表促进数据收集和促进HSCT的进步.
研究的目的:
- 审查台湾HSCT治疗的重大发展.
- 要突出捐赠者类型,患者人口统计和治疗结果的趋势.
- 确定HSCT相关并发症的风险因素,并评估特定血液性恶性瘤的存活率.
主要方法:
- 从台湾血液和骨髓移植注册 (1983-2022) 的临床数据的审查.
- 对供体来源趋势的分析 (匹配的兄弟姐妹,无关的,单一的).
- 使用机器学习模型评估肝侧阻塞综合征和移植后淋巴增殖性疾病的危险因素.
- 在老年患者中评估异形性肺炎综合征,淋巴瘤,多发性骨髓瘤和HSCT的结果.
主要成果:
- 来自匹配的非相关捐赠者的移植显示出与匹配的兄弟捐赠者相比,更高的存活率趋势.
- 无关 (24.8%) 和半同 (10.5%) 供体利用的显著增长.
- 接受HSCT的老年患者 (≥61岁) 的数量增加 (17.4%).
- 鉴定了抗胸细胞球蛋白 (ATG) 和静脉注射的布苏尔方作为肝脏侧腔阻塞综合征的危险因素.
- 开发了一种机器学习模型,预测移植后淋巴增殖性疾病的风险.
- 异形性肺炎综合征的发病率低 (1.1%),但死亡率高 (58.1%).
- 在较早的缓解期内,自主HSCT改善了地幔细胞和T细胞淋巴瘤的存活率.
- 针对多发性骨髓瘤的自主HSCT产生的中位数无进展生存时间为46.5个月,总生存时间为70.4个月.
- 在老年患有骨髓性白血病和查尔森并发症指数≥3的老年患者中,全源性HSCT的非复发性死亡风险更高.
结论:
- 台湾的HSCT已经随着多样化的捐赠者选择和越来越多的老年患者群体而发展.
- 风险预测模型和特定的治疗策略对于优化HSCT结果至关重要.
- 需要进一步的研究和仔细的患者选择,特别是对于老年人和高风险白血病患者.
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