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错误的管理使情况变得更糟:空间显式控制利用生物相互作用来减缓入侵

Emily Howerton¹, Tracy Langkilde¹, Katriona Shea¹

¹Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.

Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America

|April 22, 2024

概括

像红进口火这样的入侵物种的管理可能会失败,如果本地竞争对手受到伤害. 考虑本地物种的战略性农药应用是有效控制入侵物种的关键.

科学领域:

生态生态学生态生态学
侵袭性物种管理侵袭性物种管理
保护生物学保护生物学

背景情况:

侵入性物种对生态系统健康和生物多样性构成重大挑战.
对入侵物种的管理策略,如红色进口火 (Solenopsis invicta),往往取得了有限的成功.
从历史上看,广泛的杀虫剂使用一直是控制入侵的常见但基本上无效的方法.

研究的目的:

调查入侵物种管理工作可能无效甚至反作用的条件.
分析20世纪中叶对美国红进口火的管理作为一个案例研究.
探索与本土物种的相互作用如何影响入侵性管理的成功.

主要方法:

开发和应用一种机械竞争模型.
对农药应用的范围和空间位置的明确建模.
模拟管理行动对入侵动态的景观层面影响.

主要成果:

农药的应用可以积极,中性或负面地影响入侵的进展,这取决于其与入侵前线相对的景观位置.
通过广泛的杀虫剂杀死本土可能会无意中减少竞争压力,促进目标物种更快地入侵.
忽视生物相互作用,例如本地竞争,可能会导致管理中的意想不到的负面后果.

结论:

利用现有的生物相互作用,特别是来自本土物种的竞争,可以提高入侵物种管理的有效性.
考虑本地竞争者的作用的空间明确的管理策略对于成功控制入侵物种至关重要.
有效的入侵物种管理需要一个细微的方法,考虑到生态相互作用,而不仅仅是孤立的目标物种.

关键词:

竞争模式的竞争模式干扰是一种干扰.偶尔出现的干扰.原生入侵者相互作用.最优化管理的最佳管理.红色进口火 (Solenopsis Invicta) 是一种火.

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