在墨西哥-美国西南部边境地区的农场工人中听力障碍
Laura Coco1, Gabriela D Sanchez2, Gabriel A Campuzano2
1School of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA. lcoco@sdsu.edu.
Journal of immigrant and minority health
|April 22, 2024
概括
农民农民工面临着高风险的职业噪音引起的听力损失 (NIHL). 这项研究发现,在杂的环境中工作显著增加了这些基本工人的听力困难的可能性.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 移民和季节性农业工人是易受伤害的人群,由于农场相关的噪音暴露,他们面临着因听力损失的高风险.
- 职业噪音引起的听力损失 (NIHL) 是永久性的,并与增加受伤风险,沟通问题,孤立和抑郁症有关.
- 墨西哥/美国边境地区,一个主要的农业中心,缺乏关于农场工人的听力损失的研究.
研究的目的:
- 开展一项试点研究,测量和解决墨西哥/美国西南部边境地区农场工人听力损失和噪音暴露的问题.
- 估计亚利桑那州尤马县农场工人中主观听力障碍的患病率.
主要方法:
- 在132名农场工人参与者中进行了横截面调查.
- 采访是在深夜健康博览会 (上午2点至6点) 期间进行的,以适应工作时间表.
- 多变量回归分析调整了人口和工作共变量,以估计流行率.
主要成果:
- 36%的参与者报告了当前或可能的听力损失; 62%的人报告说没有听力损失.
- 在没有报告在噪音环境下工作的农场工人中,主观听力损失的患病率明显较低 (患病率,0.44;95% CI 0.23-0.82).
- 这一发现突显了职业噪音暴露与自我报告的听力障碍之间的明显联系.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了关于墨西哥-美国西南部边境地区农业工人听力健康感知和职业暴露的初步见解.
- 这些发现强调了需要采取有针对性的安全措施,以减轻该人群中职业NIHL的风险.
- 进一步的研究是有必要的,以开发和实施有效的听力保护计划,为农场工人.
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