玉米Aspergillus部分Flavi分离物种的多样性可能与土壤的多样性不同,因此是亚毒素污染的来源
Bwalya Katati1,2, Stan Kovács3, Henry Njapau4
1Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands. bkatati@nisir.org.zm.
Mycotoxin research
|April 22, 2024
概括
赞比亚玉米和土壤中的真菌群体显著不同. 玉米含有更大的Aspergillus部分Flavi多样性,其中环酸生产者是常见的,影响着亚毒素水平.
科学领域:
- 菌类学 菌类学是指菌类学.
- 食品安全 食品安全
- 农业科学 农业科学
背景情况:
- 阿斯珀吉勒斯部分 (Flavi) 种,包括A. flavus和A. parasiticus,产生有毒代谢物,如亚毒素 (AF) 和环酸 (CPA).
- 这些真菌污染了作物,由于致癌性亚毒素造成风险,需要了解它们的社区动态和农业环境中的真菌毒性.
研究的目的:
- 调查在赞比亚的玉米和周围土壤中的弗拉维社区结构.
- 评估这些真菌群落的真菌毒性.
- 为了确定玉米Flavi多样性和收获前的 aflatoxin污染水平之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 弗拉维的三相表征:形态,代谢 (AF和CPA生产) 和遗传 (calmodulin基因多态).
- 使用稀释板技术对经过修改的孟加拉 agar. 的Flavi丰度的量化.
- 在赞比亚的四个选定的地区进行的研究,这是降雨量较低的区域.
主要成果:
- 在玉米 (更高的多样性) 和土壤 (由A. parasiticus占主导地位,85%) 之间,Flavi社区有所不同.
- 玉米社区主要由A. minisclerotigenes (45%) 和CPA生产者 (65%) 占据主导地位,而土壤社区主要由AF (B/G) 生产者占据主导地位 (88%).
- 在玉米上,A. parasiticus与A. minisclerotigenes的近1:1比率与单一栽培相比,与更高的AF水平相关.
结论:
- 玉米和土壤有着独特的阿斯伯吉勒斯菌群和菌群,具有不同的真菌毒素生成潜力.
- 在玉米上特定的Flavi物种的相对丰富程度影响着亚拉托克辛污染水平.
- 这些发现强调了了解真菌群落结构对于管理玉米中真菌毒素风险的重要性.
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