电动汽车充电需求对发电网拥堵的影响
1Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, Davis, CA 95616.
概括
加利福尼亚州加利福尼亚州加利福尼亚州.
科学领域:
- 电气工程 电气工程
- 能源系统分析 能源系统分析
- 运输政策 运输政策
背景情况:
- 加利福尼亚州在电动汽车 (EV) 采用方面处于领先地位,实施了影响电力分配系统的政策.
- 不受控制的电动汽车充电对该州的电力基础设施容量和稳定性构成重大挑战.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查不受控制的电动汽车充电对加利福尼亚的配电网络的大规模,高颗粒度的影响.
- 预测未来的基础设施需求和相关成本,并探索减轻电动汽车充电影响的策略.
主要方法:
- 利用了结合旅行需求,电动汽车采用模型和现实世界电动汽车充电数据的投影.
- 在细分层面分析了全州对电力配电网络的影响.
- 评估到2045年的基础设施升级要求和成本影响.
主要成果:
- 到2035年,50%的料器需要升级,到2045年,67%的料器需要升级.
- 到2045年,加利福尼亚的配电系统需要25吉瓦的容量升级,耗资600亿至200亿美元.
- 尽管成本高昂,但到2045年,由于消费增加,电价可能会下降0.01-0.06美元/千瓦时,住宅区比商业区更需要升级.
结论:
- 为了适应加利福尼亚州的电动汽车增长,需要大大升级配电基础设施.
- 转移家庭充电需求可能会降低基础设施升级成本.
- 加利福尼亚州在电动汽车整合方面的挑战为全球趋势和未来电网管理需求提供了洞察力.
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