记忆力塑造了人们对时间的感知 (反之亦然)
Alex C Ma1, Ayana D Cameron1, Martin Wiener2
1Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.
Nature human behaviour
|April 22, 2024
概括
像场景大小和记忆能力这样的图像属性可以改变时间感知,使时间持续时间看起来更长. 相反,视觉混乱缩短了感知时间,揭示了视觉特征,记忆和我们如何体验时间之间的联系.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 视觉感知 视觉感知 视觉感知
- 计算神经科学是一种神经科学.
背景情况:
- 视觉刺激的感知持续时间各不相同,有些刺激更容易记住.
- 从历史上看,时间感知被认为是一个更高阶的过程,但最近的证据表明,它是在感官电路,特别是视觉系统中实例化.
- 视觉刺激特征可以影响感知持续时间,表明视觉电路可以构建时间体验.
研究的目的:
- 研究视觉刺激特性 (场景大小,杂乱,记忆力) 与感知时间之间的关系.
- 要确定图像的记忆力是否影响时间精度,以及感知持续时间是否影响记忆力.
- 通过使用反复卷积神经网络来建模这些效应背后的神经机制.
主要方法:
- 进行了一系列的实验,操纵场景大小,杂乱和视觉刺激的难忘性.
- 测量了各种图像的感知持续时间和时间精度.
- 应用一个反复卷积神经网络 (CNN) 模型模拟腹部视觉系统,以分析随时间的图像处理.
主要成果:
- 发现场景大小和记忆力扩展感知时间 (延长持续时间),而视觉混乱缩短了它 (缩短持续时间).
- 更难忘的图像被认为具有更高的时间精度.
- 观察到一种相互关系:更长的感知持续时间与图像记忆能力的增加相关.
- 美国有线电视新闻网 (CNN) 模型显示,更令人难忘的图像被处理得更快,这种处理速度预测了时间扩展和增强的时间精度.
结论:
- 视觉图像特性显著影响时间的感知,影响持续时间和精度.
- 记忆力成为将视觉处理,时间感知和记忆联系在一起的关键因素.
- 视觉系统的计算模型可以解释图像特征如何影响时间体验和记忆,这表明这些过程的统一机制.
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