我想要安全:了解疫苗选择背后的主要驱动因素在整个大流行期间
Marco Marini1, Alessandro Demichelis2, Dario Menicagli2
1IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Lucca, Italy. Marco.marini@imtlucca.it.
BMC public health
|April 22, 2024
概括
在意大利,疫苗的看法在COVID-19期间发生了转变,安全问题变得比有效性更为突出. 安全信息增加了疫苗的意图,突出了影响公共卫生决策的动态因素.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 疫苗的犹和拒绝对全球免疫计划构成重大挑战.
- 随着COVID-19大流行,人们对疫苗的犹越来越大,这凸显了疫苗有效性和安全性在接受过程中的关键作用.
- 了解这些观念对于有效的公共卫生沟通和疫苗接种战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查在COVID-19大流行期间,感知到疫苗有效性和安全性对意大利疫苗接种的影响.
- 分析不同的信息传递策略如何影响接受假设第四剂疫苗的意愿.
- 探索对科学和公共当局以及信息搜索行为的不断发展的信任.
主要方法:
- 对600名意大利语说话者进行了70项问卷调查,以评估他们对疫苗的有效性,安全性以及选择接种疫苗的原因.
- 一个实验性操纵测试了安全性和有效性关注的信息对接受假设的第四剂疫苗接种意愿的影响.
- 收集了对科学和公共当局以及信息来源的信任数据.
主要成果:
- 对疫苗有效性和安全性的看法发生了动态演变,在第三剂疫苗接种时,安全性问题变得比有效性更有影响力.
- 以安全为重点的信息显著增加了接种意图,而以疗效为重点的信息的影响有限.
- 接种疫苗的原因从与感染有关的转移到与社会相关的,科学和公共当局之间的信任动态有所不同.
结论:
- 疫苗的感知是一个动态的过程,受到不断变化的安全性和有效性信念,信任和动机的影响.
- 安全感知,比疗效更重要,是未来疫苗接种决定的关键驱动因素,包括强剂量.
- 定制的沟通策略强调疫苗安全,可以提高公众对接种疫苗的意愿.
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