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对火灾行为实验室的暴露风险和潜在控制措施培训结构:B部分. 化学气体度化学气体度

Gavin P Horn¹, Keith Stakes¹, Danielle L Neumann²

¹Fire Safety Research Institute, UL Research Institutes, 6200 Old Dobbin Lane, Suite 150, Columbia, MD, 21045, USA.

Fire technology

|April 23, 2024

概括

消防员培训燃料类型影响化学物质暴露. 在结构和外部更低的位置移动教练减少了实弹演习期间暴露的风险. 这项研究评估了各种燃料和控制措施.

科学领域:

职业健康和安全问题职业健康和安全问题
消防科学消防科学消防科学
环境化学环境化学

背景情况:

消防员培训包括实弹演习,可能使人员暴露在危险的燃烧副产品中.
燃料类型及其排列方式显著影响着火力学和空气中的污染物产生.

研究的目的:

评估不同训练燃料和工程控制对空中化学物质暴露风险的影响,教练在实弹训练期间.
为了在不同的通风周期下比较各种燃料包 (纤维板,OSB,托盘,碎片板,合板) 产生的化学度.

主要方法:

在一个结构中进行了实火实验,使用安装在高处的不同燃料包.
监测空气中的化学物质度 (,1,3-丁,PAHs,甲基异酸盐,化,甲) 在教练的典型位置.
评估了两个通风周期的持续时间 (6 个周期和 3 个周期),并评估了教练位置的影响.

主要成果:

导向链板 (OSB) 和合板燃料产生了更高度的特定有毒化合物,如,1,3-丁和多环芳 (PAHs).
托盘燃料的火灾产生了最高的化,而碎片板的火灾产生了最高的甲基异酸盐.
将教练转移到车内或车外的较低位置,大大减少了对空气中的污染物的暴露.

结论:

在实木托盘和用于高安装燃料装置的木制板制品之间没有观察到暴露的显著差异.
工程控制,特别是改变人员位置,在实弹训练期间有效地减轻暴露风险.
燃料的选择和放置仍然是消防员培训环境中管理化学物质暴露的关键因素.

关键词:

一个消防员的消防员.在 NFPA 1403 中.污染控制污染控制职业暴露职业暴露职业暴露训练火灾的火灾发生

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