阿司匹林与低分子量肝素用于骨科手术后的血栓预防:系统性审查和元分析
Haichao Wu1, Long Zhou, Qiang Wang
1Department of Vascular Surgery, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou.
概括
低分子量肝素 (LMWH) 在预防骨科手术患者的静脉血栓塞栓症 (VTE) 方面比阿司匹林更有效. 这两种治疗方法在出血和并发症方面都有相似的安全性,这使得LMWH成为首选的一线治疗方案.
科学领域:
- 整形外科手术 整形外科手术
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 血管医学 血管医学
背景情况:
- 血栓预防对于接受骨科手术的患者来说至关重要,以预防静脉血栓塞栓症 (VTE).
- 阿司匹林和低分子量肝素 (LMWH) 是用于静脉瘤预防的常用药物.
- 在这个患者群体中,阿司匹林和LMWH之间的比较有效性和安全性数据需要合成.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较阿司匹林与LMWH在骨科手术患者的VTE预防中的疗效和安全性.
- 评估包括深静脉血栓症 (DVT),肺栓塞 (PE),出血事件,伤口并发症和死亡率在内的结果.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Embase和Cochrane图书馆数据库中进行了系统的文献搜索,截至2023年4月25日.
- 纳入标准集中在比较阿司匹林和LMWH用于骨科外科手术中VTE预防的研究上.
- 对六项涉及12470名阿司匹林患者和10857名LMWH患者的研究进行了元分析.
主要成果:
- 与阿司匹林相比,LMWH在预防整体VTE事件方面表现出更高的疗效 (OR 1.44,P < 0.00001).
- 亚组分析表明,LMWH在降低DVT发生率方面更有效 (OR 1.59,P < 0.00001),但不降低PE发生率 (OR 1.22,P = 0.56).
- 在LMWH和阿司匹林之间没有观察到重大出血事件,伤口并发症,伤口感染或死亡率的显著差异.
结论:
- 低分子量肝素 (LMWH) 在骨科手术后的血栓预防中比阿司匹林有效得多.
- 关于出血和其他不良事件,LMWH和阿司匹林具有相似的安全概况.
- 在接受重大骨科手术的患者中,LMWH被推作为预防血栓的第一线药物.
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